Thomas G. Moses – Page 29

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar: Part 780: The Scottish Rite in Lawrence, Kansas, 1911

In 1911, Thomas G. Moses wrote, “Lawrence, Kansas, yielded a Masonic job.” The scenery and stage machinery were similar to that installed at Scottish Rite theaters in Wichita, Kansas, Winona and St. Paul, Minnesota, Santa Fe, New Mexico, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Tucson, Arizona, and the list goes on. Although smaller in scope than some of the other scenery collections, the same counterweight system (Brown’s Special system) was installed, with the lines spaced on four-inch centers. Like many other Scottish Rite Valleys in the first two deacdes of the twentieth century, funds were pouring in and men with vision planned massive edifices to accommodate the ever-increasing membership. Unfortunately, this period of unprecedented growth often meant that no plans were in place for extended periods of membership decline or financial challenges.

The Masonic Temple in Lawrence, Kansas, once home to the Scottish Rite

The Scottish Rite theater, used for 94 years before the building was sold.

The painted front curtain of the stage at the Lawrence Masonic Temple, painted by Sosman & Landis and mentioned in the memoirs of Thomas G. Moses (1856-1934).

Scenery produced by Sosman & Landis for the Scottish Rite in Lawrence, Kansas, in 1911.

Ninety-two years later, the building was on the market, citing those two exact issues. It was one of the early Scottish Rite theaters to change hands, signaling the start of a shift within the Southern Jurisdiction. At the turn of the twentieth century, the Kansas Scottish rite was riding the crest of expansion in the Southern Jurisdiction. They were at the forefront of a new movement as Scottish Rite theaters and degree productions spread like rapidfire. In 1911, there were seven Scottish Rite Valleys in Kansas, located in Kansas City, Fort Scott, Salina, Topeka, Lawrence, Wichita, and Leavenworth. In 1919, the “Lawrence Daily Journal-World” reported, “Largest Class in History” (28 January 1919, page 1). The article noted, “With the addition of more candidates for the Scottish Rite degrees, the mid-winter class now being conducted thorugh the mysteries of higher Masonry, has now become the largest class in the history of the Lawrence Scottish Rite bodies. There are now 119 candidates in the class.” This was a new trend, adding a mid-winter reunion to the standard fall and spring schedule. The need to add an additional reunion each year to accommodate increased numbers of candidates shows how rapidly the Scottish Rite Rite was expanding in, Kansas. The “Fort Scott Tribune,” reported “The four bodies of Scottish Rite Masonry have just adopted plans for a reunion which will be somewhat a deviation from former reunions and an innovation in Masonry. A midwinter reunion is to be held next year, the dates being February 12, 13 and 14^th” (Fort Scott Tribune, 19 Dec. 1911, page 6).

Almost a century later, Kansas was again riding the crest of another Scottish Rite wave – one of declining membership, lost properties and missing artifacts. In May 2003, the Scottish Rite building was placed on the market. So what happened in Kansas?

In 2003, LJWorld.com posted the following article to the Lawrence Journal World website (https://www2.ljworld.com/news/2003/may/14/landmark_sheds_its/):

“A LAWRENCE LANDMARK IS FOR SALE

Faced with aging membership and ever-increasing costs, Lawrence-area Freemasons have decided to sell the majestic Scottish Rite Temple, 1001 Mass.

“This isn’t something that any of us want to do. It hurts,” said Tom Wilkerson, the organization’s executive secretary. “But we’ve projected out the costs of operations, and we know we can’t continue to draw on our resources like we have. It has to be done.”

THE ASKING PRICE: $775,000.

The buyer will have the option of also buying the buildings that house the Scottish Rite office and the Variety Store at 1005 and 1007 Mass., respectively.

‘We’ll entertain any proposal received,’ Wilkerson said. [my thought: bad move to put that in print].

Built in 1911, the Egyptian Revival-style building features several meeting rooms, a 275-seat auditorium and balcony, and, in the basement, a dining room that’s 55 feet wide and a half-block long.

A kitchen, too, is downstairs in an area carved out from underneath the sidewalk alongside the north side of the building. The building does not have an elevator.

Suspended above the auditorium’s stage are 55 backdrops — each painted long ago by art students from Kansas University — that are raised or lowered in accordance with the particular Scottish Rite ceremony being performed.

“We’ll keep those,” Wilkerson said.

GENERATING INTEREST

The building is listed with Coldwell Banker McGrew Real Estate.

“There’s been quite a bit of interest in it,” said Doug Brown, the Realtor assigned to the property. “The fact that the building has historic significance and that it’s on Mass. is quite a draw for investors.”

Brown said the building was “incredibly well-built” and could be converted to a variety of uses.

“The upstairs, maybe, could be turned into apartments; the downstairs to retail,” he said. “It would be a great place for receptions.”

“Or an upscale restaurant,” said Carol vonTersch, president of the Lawrence Preservation Alliance. “There’s been talk of that in the past, but, at the time, the Masons weren’t ready to sell.”

The Alliance, vonTersch said, hoped to work with whoever buys the building.

“It’s a very important building in the downtown area. People remember that building,” she said. “We’re exceedingly concerned about what’s to happen to it, I can assure you of that.”

It’s not yet known where the Masons will go after the building is sold.

“A committee has been appointed that’ll make that decision,” Wilkerson said. “A lot of it’s going to depend on whether the buyer wants the buildings next door. If they don’t, we’ll probably move into where The Variety Store is now; if they do, we’ll either buy a building or build something new.”

OLD

Wilkerson said about 500 men and women belong to the masonic lodges and auxiliaries that use the temple. Most are unable to attend the monthly meetings.

“Our mean age is 66,” he said of the membership. “That’s pretty old.”

Wilkerson attributed the decline in membership to lackluster recruiting and increased demands on members’ time.

“It’s a sad thing to say, but being in a fraternal organization takes away from a person’s family time and, over the years, that’s just gotten harder and harder to do,” he said. “All the service organizations are going through the same thing.” [my thought: not a great advertisement to join].

Wilkerson says the Mason’s reputation for secrecy far exceeds reality.

“Actually, we kind of joke about that,” he said. “Our meetings are closed, that’s true. But if somebody really wanted to know what was going on, they could just go to the library. Books have been written about it.”

Wilkerson said there’s nothing secret about the building. “We rent it out for receptions and things,” he said. “And before we decided to sell, we’d talked about opening it up to public for tours or ham-and-bean lunches.”

On June 24, 2005, the same newspaper reported that the Lawrence-area Scottish Rite Freemasons were saying goodbye to their 94-year old building and holding an open house and formal relocation ceremony at the new Lawrence Masonic Center, at 1601 W 23rd St., citing, “The 5,500-square-foot store-front-style space is more practical and cheaper to lease and operate than the old building at 1001 Mass., which was purchased by Lawrence developer Doug Compton.” The article noted, “Local Freemasons are hoping the new building and new look will help attract younger men to the organization.” Now, I don’t know about you, but meeting in a shopping mall would not necessarily be any incentive for me to join the Fraternity, but then, I am not potential candidate material. Here is the link to the full article: https://www2.ljworld.com/news/2005/jun/24/freemasons/

Of the new location, the “Lawrence Journal-World” reported, “Their new building features an entrance that leads into a commons or reception area, complete with a conference table and chairs. Nearby is a large room that can be used for dinners and banquets. There is a library, a storage room and a large meeting room near the back with a skylight over the venerable master’s chair at one end of the room. The building will serve as a meeting place for 362 Scottish Rite members with several Lawrence-area Masonic orders. It was chosen after attempts to find a suitable building that could be purchased failed. ‘We were going to buy, but everything was so expensive,’ said Danny Keller, the assistant personal representative for Lawrence Valley. ‘We had a lot of problems, so we just decided to lease for a few years.’

When I visited Lawrence last summer, we drove by the Masonic Center, now just down the street from the previous shopping mall location. It remainded me of the many pole barns that store tractors in the Midwest. For an organization that often links its history to the operative masons and cathedral builders of Europe, it is a little embarrassing to see the Scottish Rite eagle on a small window surrounded metal siding. I was unable to venture inside, but there was no indication of a theater or fly tower in sight. When Wilkerson explained that the Scottish Rite was going to retain the 55 drops from the old temple, I have to wonder where they are now.

The new home for the Scottish Rite and other Lawrence-area Masons

The Scottish Rite eagle attached to the side of the new Masonic Center in Lawrence, Kansas.

For additional history about the Lawrence Scottish Rite, see my past post, “Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar: Part 621 – Meanwhile in Lawrence, Kansas” (https://drypigment.net2019/01/20/tales-from-a-scenic-artist-and-scholar-part-621-meanwhile-in-lawrence-kansas/).

To be continued…

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar: Part 779 – Thomas G. Moses and the Chattanooga Brewing Co. 1911

On July 14, 1911, Thomas G. Moses wrote, “I went to Chattanooga, Tenn., to make some sketches from Missionary Ridge, and took a run up Mt. Lookout – believe me it is my last. I don’t care for the sensation of the incline. I got some good photos and had Mr. Reif’s car and chauffeur to take me anywhere. I went the limit and saw everything, and made three pencil sketches. Closed another contract on the strength of my sketches – $1,800.00.”

View from Missionary Ridge in Chattanooga, Tennessee.

Moses was referring to Charles Reif, president of the Chattanooga Brewing Company. Reif was the son of Brewery founder George Reif who established the business in 1890. A George immigrant, Reif came to America in 1861, settling in Cincinnati where he worked at a meat packing plant. George invested in beer, becoming a major shareholder in Jung Brewing Co until it was sold in 1889. By 1890, the Reif family moved to Chattanooga, where George became one of the principle men who bought the brewing business of Conrad Geise & Co. The business was soon incorporated, as the Chattanooga Brewing Co. George remained the president the company until his passing in 1899, when control of the company was passed to his son, Charles, born in 1865.

Advertisement with George Reif listed as President and Manager. Son, Charles Reif is listed as the Secretary and Treasurer.

By 1911, the Chattanooga Brewing Co. was quite large, distributing approximately 150,000 barrels of beer annually. Chicago hosted an International Brewers’ Congress during October 1911 that was devoted to showing visitors various beer exhibits. The Chattanooga Brewing Co. was one of many companies who contracted Sosman & Landis to create their exhibit for the Brewer’s Show, held at the Chicago Coliseum. Of the Chattanooga Brewery Co. project, Moses wrote, “Our Chattanooga picture came out best of all. It was a perfect representation of the city and the surrounding country.”

In the spring of 1911 Thomas G. Moses wrote, “Early in April I started on the designs for the Brewers’ Show, in which they wanted to demonstrate that beer is a food and not a beverage.” Other exhibitors with exhibits by Sosman & Landis included the Schoenhoffen Brewing Company and the Dubuque Brewing and Malting Company.

“Our Beers are Pure Liquid Food” “Chattanooga Brewing Co. advertisement.

Advertisement from the “Jackson Daily News,” 10 Aug 1910, page 6 (2)

As the work for Brewer’s exhibits commenced, Moses wrote, “We started Brewer’s work at the 20^th Street studio, with an extra number of men…The Brewer’s Show opened October 12^th with enormous crowds. Had a lot of trouble getting our work into the building….Sosman was well pleased, as there was a good profit in the work. Some of the brewers thought I had overcharged them.” In the end, the Brewery Show of 1911 was a success. By October 23, over 94,000 patrons attended the exposition and consumed over 500,000 glasses of beer (Statesman Journal, 24 Oct, 1911, page 9). Sosman & Landis secured $25,350.00 in contracts for the event, today’s equivalent purchasing power of $683,361.28 – a sizable amount of work. For the opening of the show, the “Chicago Tribune” quoted Henry E. O. Heinemann, secretary of the exposition, “Thousands of dollars have been spent for the foundations alone, so tons of brewing machinery must be properly set. An army of painters, decorators, scene builders, and machinists was busy all day and far into the night getting everything ready for the opening” (12 October 1911, page 7).

The success of the Brewer’s Show did not last long, however, as change was in the air. The Chattanooga Brewing Co. only operated until 1915, when Prohibition forced them to close their doors. The brand lay dormant for decades until recently. In 2010 the company was resurrected at 1804 Chestnut St. In Chattanooga, Tennessee. Here is the new website if you are thirsty and in the area: https://www.chattabrew.com/

To be continued…

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar: Part 776 – Thomas G. Moses and the Memphis Scottish Rite, 1911

The Scottish Rite in Memphis, Tennessee.

In 1911, Thomas G. Moses wrote, “Some more work at Memphis, Tenn., Masonic.” Sosman & Landis delivered additional scenery two years after the initial installation. In 1909, Moses recorded that Sosman & Landis produced a scenery collection for the Scottish Rite in Memphis, Tennessee. At the time, scenery was purchased through M. C. Lilley and work subcontracted to Sosman & Landis.

The auditorium and drop curtain at the Memphis Scottish Rite. Scenery was delivered by Sosman & Landis in 1909 and 1911

Photograph posted online by the Memphis Scottish Rite of their spring reunion work.

The auditorium at the Memphis Scottish Rite.

Architectural ornamentation at the Memphis Scottish Rite auditorium.

The first reunion in the Memphis Scottish Rite building was held from November 15 to 19, 1909. Over the years, a variety of Masonic activity at the Memphis Scottish Rite Temple was reported in newspaper articles, personal correspondence, and business letters.

In 1916, a letter from Charles Rosenbaum of Little Rock, Arkansas, to Frank A. Derr of Guthrie, Oklahoma, addressed the use of footlights in Scottish Rite theaters. The letter noted that the Scottish Rite in Memphis Tennessee employed the use of footlights for their degree productions. The Guthrie Scottish Rite was considering the installation of footlights for their stage.

Rosenbaum responded to Derr’s query on June 10, 1916:

“I note what you say about footlights, but what use are they? In our old synagogue [the Albert Pike Cathedral, 1896], we had footlights; we found them sort of a nuisance. When we built on 8^th and Scott [the Albert Pike Consistory Building, 1902] we left them out entirely.

While in New York several years ago talking to Stage expert equipment people they showed me foot light equipment they were building for a High School building and it had a nice disappearing arrangement, which was all right.

I asked what was the necessary for foot lights, and why they were used.

The answer was —You have to have them to throw up the light on the people on the front of the stage to light up and destroy the rawness of their makeup, which means the paint and stuff they use on their faces, they said you can’t get along without them for that reason.

I said —Suppose there is no makeup, and I described our use of a stage, and they said it would be foolish to have footlights at all, and only in case we rented the building for theatrical purposes would it be necessary, because when Actors and Actresses made up the necessity would it be evident.

So —as we don’t rent for any such purpose and don’t make up our faces, and have no business very far out toward the front of the stage, or for that matter in front of the curtain line, we have no use for ‘foot lights, to high light our faces and they have no use for them in Memphis either unless they rent for shows of one kind or another.’”

There is something to consider beyond the topic of footlights that Rosenbaum discusses in the letter. When many Scottish Rite stages were constructed, they were never intended for public use or rentals. Times have changed and public rental income is a necessity. This mean that many stages have been altered to accommodate a renter, or make it more appealing for public rentals.

Over the years, the Memphis Scottish Rite altered their building for a variety or reasons, including a movie set. While examining the history of the building, I discovered an article that reporting the theater was “expanded and refurbished” when used to film performance scenes for the 2005 movie “Walk the Line,” starring Joaquin Phoenix and Reese Witherspon.

Still from 2005 film, “Walk the Line” at the Memphis Scottish Rite posted at
http://masoniccontemporary.org/welcome#/id/i9190912

Note proscenium side lights at the Memphis Scottish Rite. Still from 2005 film, “Walk the Line” at the Memphis Scottish Rite posted at
http://masoniccontemporary.org/welcome#/id/i9190912

Backstage at the Memphis Scottish Rite. Still from 2005 film, “Walk the Line” at the Memphis Scottish Rite posted at
http://masoniccontemporary.org/welcome#/id/i9190912

The counterweight system, Brown’s Special System, is picture in the background of this film still. Note the wooden arbor frame. Still from 2005 film, “Walk the Line” at the Memphis Scottish Rite posted at
http://masoniccontemporary.org/welcome#/id/i9190912

In some ways, the rental of Scottish Rite buildings and stages for filmwork has provided much necessary income for many Scottish Rite Valleys. However, the money comes at a price. Damage inevitably occurs over time as various lighting systems and other equipment are installed for a specific film scene, or temporary structures are anchored to existing walls.

I think of the continued television and film work that occurs in the Santa Fe Scottish Rite and recognize the recent changes that have compromised a once unique system. The original counterweight system, known as Brown’s Special System, has been irreparably altered from its original state. Photographs of this system that were published in “The Santa Fe Scottish Rite Temple: Freemasonry, Architecture and Theatre (2018, Museum of New mexico Press) depict a pristine system, one that remained unaltered since its installation in 1912. No matter the historical significance, or words of caution, nothing could have prevented its alteration over the past two years.

I understand that change is inevitable as the Fraternity responds to declining membership. In many instances, the loss of membership means a loss of annual revenue, prompting Scottish Rite Valleys to respond in various ways, such as public rentals. Some renovate the space that generates the greatest rental income; in many instances it is the stage and auditorium. For an organization that remained locked in time for decades, a few individuals are irreparably altering their spaces. Stage houses, specifically the scenery, stage machinery and other systems, are often repaired, altered, or renovated, without any undertstanding of the system. Furthermore, these alterations are often completed without the knowledge of the membership or staff. Sadly, a few members consider these historic buildings as their personal playgrounds, completing one “home-improvement” projects after another and using unrated hardware, duct tape, contact cement, and other inappropriate products for their work.

Go visit your nearest Scottish Rite theater now, as change is coming and it might be different by tomorrow.

To be continued…

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar: Part 775 – Thomas G. Moses and the Cheyenne Scottish Rite, 1911

I return to the life and times of Thomas G. Moses. In 1911, Moses recorded that Sosman & Landis received “a small contract at Cheyenne of Masonic work.”

Sosman & Landis were well known in Cheyenne, having delivered stock scenery to the Grand Opera House in 1882. Sosman & Landis artists paired up to complete many projects on site, traveling from one theater to another and crisscrossing the country. From 1881-1882, Moses and studio founder, Joseph S. Sosman were a team, completing one project after another as salesman Abraham “Perry” Landis secured each contract.

The Scottish Rite Theatre is located in the Masonic Temple, home to multiple Masonic orders. Located at 1820 Capitol Avenue in Cheyenne, construction commenced on a three-story structure in 1901, costing local Masons $45,000. Unfortunately, in 1903 the building was gutted by fire. The “Natrona County Tribune” reported, “The fire originated by defective electric light wiring over the stage at the south end of the building. The loss was estimated at $50,000; insurance $33,500, $30,00 of which was on the building and $3,500 on paraphernalia. The elegant paraphernalia of the Scottish Rite Masons, costing at least $6,000 was entirely destroyed, and besides this many suits belonging to the members of the order were lost. Only a few rugs and several pieces of furniture were saved. The structure will be rebuilt at once. The structure will be rebuilt at once. The Scottish Rite Masons had just finished holding a reunion in the building, at which forty-one new members were admitted on the night before the building was destroyed, this being the first reunion held in the building since its completion” (5 March 1903, page 8). After receiving their insurance settlement, the Cheyenne Scottish Rite Bodies reconstructed the damaged stage and interior.

Sosman & Landis delivered an initial collection of scenery to this Masonic Hall in 1911, and membership numbers began to skyrocket.

On January 25, 1911, the “Natrona County Tribune” reported, “Cheyenne. – The semi-annual reunion of Wyoming Consistory No. 1 here met Jan. 4, and is attended by Masons from all sections of the state. A class of twenty-six candidates for the Scottish Rite degree has been selected” (Caspar, Wyoming, page 6). By that fall, there were fifty candidates at the Scottish Rite reunion in Cheyenne (Natrona County Tribune, 20 Dec. 1911, page 6). Over a year later, there were forty-six candidates (Natrona County Tribune, 26 Dec. 1912, page 2).

A new Scottish Rite Cathedral was planned in 1920 as membership rapidly outgrew its current quarters. The “Casper Star-Tribune” reported, “Tentative plans for the cathedral which Wyoming Consistory No. 1, A.A.S.R., is to erect at Capitol Avenue and Twentieth Street, have been approved. They call for a structure of Grecian architecture, with a frontage of 132 feet on Capitol Avenue, which will cost approximately $500,000. Aside from the fact that it will be the largest and finest fraternal society building in Wyoming architecture. Work on the building, it is planned and will begin next fall” (29 May 1920, page 9).

The Scottish Rite stage in Cheyenne, Wyoming.

In 1921, “The Billings Gazette” reported that Wyoming had 1906 thirty-second degree Masons, an increase of 245 members in twelve months. Furthermore, the secretary of Wyoming Consistory No. 1 in Cheyenne reported, “the total resources of all four bodies of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite amount to $189,958.88” (17 Sept 1921, page 8). There were 2,090 members in the Rocky Mountain Lodge of Perfection; 1,961 members in the Albert Pike Chapter of the Knights of Rose Croix; and 1,961 members in the Cheyenne Council of Kadosh No. 1.

I visited the Cheyenne Scottish Rite last year on June 18, 2018. It was father’s day when I documented the Cheyenne Scottish Rite scenery collection, with my husband and son working as stagehands that day. Our guide, Ron, explained that the building was expanded during the 1920s, an addition that included a new theater. Toomey & Volland studio records list a delivery of scenery to the Cheyenne Scottish Rite at that time. I identified three distinct scenery collections when examining the stencil placement. Two are consistent with Sosman & Landis and the third is likely from the studio of Toomey & Volland in St. Louis.

Some of the scenery includes the shipping label “Scottish Rite Bodies. Masonic Hall. Cheyenne, Wyoming.” This information is stenciled on the back and front of some bottom sandwich battens. Additional stenciling on the back of some drops also confirms the destination of Cheyenne, characteristic of standard Sosman & Landis Studio labeling during the first decade of the twentieth century. Keep in mind that it was common for Scottish Rite Valley’s to retain their original scenery when the initially expanded and increased and existing stage. Enlarging the original scenery delivered to the Masonic Hall in 1903 and 1911 for the 1920s stage was not unusual, even if a competing studio painted it.

The three collections at the Cheyenne Scottish Rite are not of any particular, or standard, size. It is obvious that many of the drops were hung at another venue prior to being installed above the current Scottish Rite stage. Charcoal markings denoting previous line sets are just one indicator of a previous life elsewhere.

In regard to painted aesthetics, the design and scenic art for some of the collection is consistent with other Sosman & Landis scenery delivered to Santa Fe (1912), St. Paul (1910), Winona (1909), Tucson (1914), Asheville (1914), and Grand Forks (1914). The painted flats accompanying many of the painted scenes, however, are not identified with stencils, nor characteristic of Sosman & Landis flats manufactured before 1908. The profile pieces in Cheyenne only include a few pencil markings. The design and construction of these pieces are not characteristic with Sosman & Landis set pieces, as they are also much brighter in color than the remainder of the collection, suggesting their delivery by Toomey & Volland aesthetic.

The stage machinery also predates the 1920s. It is an example of Brown’s Special System, also delivered to Santa Fe (1912), St. Paul (1910), Winona (1909), Tucson (1914), Ashville (1914), and Grand Forks (1914).

Counterweight system on the stage right side. The Scottish Rite stage in Cheyenne, Wyoming.

Brown’s Special System installed at the Cheyenne Scottish Rite

The fly rail at the Cheyenne Scottish Rite. This is where Masonic stage hands stood when they raised and lowered backdrops.

Counterweights in a wooden arbor cage were part of Brown’s Special System. The Scottish Rite stage in Cheyenne, Wyoming.

Finally, our host explained that additional drops that went unused for decades. They were rolled up and placed in an offstage area. Sadly, they were disposed of a few years ago without anyone documenting was thrown away, so we have no idea if this were an earlier collection, and adopted collection, or simply unused scenes. There is one dead hung drop curtain against the upstage wall. It appears to be a drop curtain, as I was able to see some painted fringe and draperies, suggesting that this piece may have been the drop curtain from the previous stage at the Masonic Hall; the front curtain would have been not wide enough for the current proscenium opening. I would love to see what the composition is, as I was unable to see more than the bottom two feet of the drop.

To be continued…

Travels of a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Thomas G. Moses, the National Theatre Supply Co. and William Lemle Inc.

On my return trip home from the League of Historic American Theatres conference in Philadelphia, I stopped by the Egyptian Theatre in DeKalb, Illinois. While examining the old fire curtain, I spotted not only the Union stencil, but also a stencil with “National Theatre Supply Company” above it. Over the years, National Theatre Supply Co. has popped up on my radar, time and time again.

The Egyptian Theatre in DeKalb, Illinois

The fire curtain for the Egyptian Theatre in DeKalb, Illinois, painted by William Lemle Co. and delivered by the national Theatre Supply Co.

As I peered at the faint type above “National Theatre Supply Company” on the asbestos curtain, I first made out the word “Lemle,” and then “Painted by William Lemle Co.” The Egyptian Theatre fire curtain is extremely significant in the course of American Theatre history for this stencil alone, as it links together two significant scenic studios in 1929.

Back of Egyptian Theatre fire curtain noting, “Painted by William Lemle Co. in Chicago for National Theatre Supply Co.”

I immediately thought of another project delivered by the two studios the same year, a second Egyptian-themed theater that was built in McAlester, Oklahoma. National Theatre Supply Co. and Wm. Lemle Co. delivered one of the largest Scottish Rite scenery collections in the United States to the Scottish rite Theater in McAlester, Oklahoma. In a newspaper article from November 1929, Moses was noted as a representative for both the Lemle Co. and the National Theatre Supply Co. in regard to the McAlester Scottish Rite project. Moses designed and painted the entire collection, recording that the stage settings were 40’-0” high by 60’-0” wide and the stage was 140’-0” deep.

While researching these two studios in 1929, I encountered a letter sent to Moses at “Wm. Lemle Co., Chicago, Ill.” Penned by William H. Fuller, Venerable Master of the Albert Pike Lodge of Perfection in McAlester, he mentions that the scenery was damaged en route to the McAlester Scottish Rite theater, and specifically requests for either the Lemle Co. or the National Theatre Supply Co. to write a letter recording their grievance.

So what do we know about the National theatre Supply Co. and Moses’ involvement with the firm? Let’s start with the end of Sosman & Landis in 1923. That year the studio is liquidated, their space rented to another firm and the name sold. Moses partners with Fred Megan of the Kansas City Scenic Co. and they attempt to purchase the name of the company. Before they are able to legally use the name “Sosman & Landis,” they work under the studio name Moses & Megan. Hoyland and Lemle purchased the Sosman & Landis studio contents at that same time. Later William Lemle Inc. would use the old Sosman & Landis studio space.

Moses & Megan lease the Fabric Studio in Chicago, the same company that delivers the Joplin Scottish Rite scenery. Moses & Megan produce the 1926 Salt Lake Consistory scenery, as well as the 1927 Oakland Scottish Rite scenery. Moses and Megan would continue working together until 1931, but Moses would also begin representing both the William Lemle Co. and the National Theatre Supply Co.

Why is Moses so adamant to retain the studio name? Because Moses has been a major player in Sosman & Landis scenery production since the very beginning. The studio name is synonymous with quality and Moses is integrally linked to the company. One could even surmise that Moses was the face of the company, as his reputation was intertwined with their work since 1880. In 1904 after Moses returned to Chicago after a successful career in New York City (Moses & Hamilton), he assumed all control over all Sosman & Landis design, painting, construction and installation. He becomes the vice-president and was even rewarded $5,000 in stocks in addition to control over production. He later becomes company president after the death of studio founder Joseph S. Sosman. Moses had an incentive to remain connected with the studio name until quite late in his career. In later years, he is listed as the artistic director of Sosman & Landis.

However, there are a few things to keep in mind as National Theatrical Supply is established in the shadows of Sosman & Landis’s close. In 1920, six Sosman & Landis scenic artists leave to form Service Studios. Many of the black and white photographs in their sales books are exact replicas of Sosman & Landis Masonic models. In other words, they are peddling the same designs without the Sosman & Landis name. Service Studios is soon sold and becomes ACME studio. The ACME studio also uses the Sosman & Landis designs in their sales catalogues.

This all happens after a big upset at Sosman & Landis. Two key figures responsible for the Scottish Rite connection pass away just before WWI; founder Joseph S. Sosman and M. C. Lilley representative Bestor G. Brown. Their passing causes the alliance between a major regalia company and a significant scenic studio to cease, allowing another studio takes the reins of Masonic degree production – Toomey & Volland. Under the leadership of Hugo R. Volland, St. Louis Scottish Rite backstage director and president of Toomey & Volland, this St. Louis-based scenic studio is awarded dozens of Masonic contracts in the post-WWI years.

Now back to the another firm delivering Scottish Rite scenery in the 1920s – the National Theatre Supply Co. Founded in 1926, the National Theatre Supply Company advertised as the “largest theatre equipment and supply service organization,” with “31 well managed, well stocked branch store in operation throughout the country, doing a volume of business considerably in excess of what was transacted when the field was being served by individual dealers. And, too, more dependable and satisfactory service is in evidence on every hand.”

Their advertisements explain, “chain store operation in other American industries is one of increased efficiency in service and pronounced economy in merchandising, reacting directly and favorably to the advantage of those who buy. This condition is being exemplified in the operation of the National Theatre Supply Company.” This paragraph is hard to read without thinking of the massive theatrical complexes targeted by this new company and not think, “Super-size me.”

In 1927, the National Theatre Supply Company noted that a new scenery and drape department was formed under its direct supervision. The new department was paced under the direction of Mr. P. L. Landis, “a specialist in stage technique with headquarters in the general offices of the Company in Chicago.” Landis was credited with being “well known to the trade, having been a member of the original Sosman & Landis Company in Chicago. With 12 years of experience in all braches of scenery production and stagecraft, he is particularly fitted to head the new department.” When Moses was elected Sosman & Landis Co. president in 1915, Arthur Sosman was elected vice-president and Perry Landis treasurer.

National Theatre Supply Co. advertisements note the following:

“The National Theatre Supply Company manufacturers nothing, nor has it any direct control over factory costs or factory list prices of any article it sells. It is strictly a sales organization and service representative of a majority of manufacturers of theatre equipment and supplies. It is therefore obvious that the establishment of selling process is not within its power, except insofar as quantity purchasing and increased consumption are concerned. Quantity production and distribution governs the price of everyday commodity or service, regardless of its nature. The same conditions apply to the theatre supply industry and any readjustment of prices must necessarily result from the patronage and support. And when manufacturers are given a suitable volume of business, their products serviced promptly and reliably and their bills paid in accordance with terms there s very little likelihood of an increase in price of these products.”

The same National Theatre Supply catalogue included a photograph with the caption, “Spacious scenic studio of William Lemle Inc. of Chicago, the entire output of which will be distributed through national service.” The problem is that the photograph actually depicted the Sosman & Landis studio prior to WWI, complete with Joseph Sosman in the center and Moses painting one of the drops. The Lemle company was simply using an old photograph of the space.

Image brought to my attention by Bob Foreman, courtesy of Rick Zimmerman

To be continued…

Travels of a Scenic Artist and Scholar. The Egyptian Theatre in DeKalb, Illinois, July 19, 2019

Brochure of the Egyptian Theatre in DeKalb, Illinois

My visit to the Thomas G. Moses’ Oak Park home and the gravesite of Walter W. Burridge took more time than anticipated on Friday, July 19. This prevented my traveling north to Fox Lake where Palette & Chisel club members once congregated during the summer. I came up with a quick “Plan B.” Looking at rush-hour traffic on a Friday afternoon, I decided to simply head to my final destination for the evening in Genoa, Illinois, by way of DeKalb. On a whim, I decided to contact the executive director of the Egyptian Theatre to see if I could stop by and see the theater.

I met both the executive director and architect who are in the midst of a major renovation, expanding the theater to expand restrooms, concessions, storage and add air conditioning. Representatives from theater had actually attended my session on researching historic venues at the League of Historic American Theatre’s conference that week.

Signs explaining the major renovation at the Egyptian Theatre in DeKalb, Illinois.

I arrived a few minutes early for my meeting, allowing me the opportunity to walk around the block and examine the “L-shaped” structure of the building from various angles. Fortunately, it was a small block, preventing me from suffering heat stroke on my short walk. It was one of those ridiculously hot and humid days. The earlier trek about the Forest Home Cemetery had just about done me in that afternoon.

View of the Egyptian Theatre’s fly tower

Alley between the auditorium and nearby buildings, the structure is “L-shaped.”

I had never stopped in the area, but downtown DeKalb is lovely with colorful floral displays dotting every corner. The front of the Egyptian Theatre is really an anomaly when compared with other buildings on the street. Opening in 1929, the exterior and interior was decorated in the popular Egyptian theme, a trend that picked up speed after the discovery of Tutankhamen’s tomb in 1922.

View of the Egyptian Theatre form the stage

As I entered the building, I examined by the narrow lobby that led to the auditorium on the right; no wonder the need for expansion. Not quite sure of what to expect in the auditorium, I was surprised by large murals on the house left and house right sides.

Looking at the rows of refurbished seating, I had to wonder what local audiences thought when the theater first opened to the public. I made my way to the stage, curious to see if any original machinery still remained. Nope.

When the building was constructed, however, the focal point of the auditorium’s Egyptian decor was a colorful fire curtain. Removed, encapsulated, and repositioned in the early 1980s, the painted composition is now difficult to see under work lights. My host graciously pulled up an image of the curtain on his phone. The scene reminded me of one in the scenic collection database at the University of Minnesota Performing Arts Archives. I went to the backside of the fire curtain to see of there was a studio stamp.

The fire curtain at the Egyptian Theatre

The fire curtain at teh Egyptian Theatre

The fire curtain under stage lights during my visit

What I discovered made my brief stop completely worthwhile. Above a very faint union stamp, was the name of the studio. The executive director was completely unaware of the stencil as I attempted to read the script. After a few moments of squinting and taking pictures to enlarge the font, it became clear that the name of the studio was “National Theatre Supply Co. Chicago.” Wow.

National Theatre Supply Co. of Chicago was one of the many theatre firms that Thomas G. Moses (1856-1934) worked for during the late 1920s and early 1930s. He passed away in 1934. He not only worked for National Theatre Supply Co., but also Armstrong Studios and William Lemle and Co, dividing his time between studios in Chicago, Illinois, and Oakland, California.

More on the National Theatre Supply Co. tomorrow.

To be continued…

Travels of a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Passing Through Thomas G. Moses’ Hometown, Sterling, Illinois, July 20, 2019

While planning my journey back from Philadelphia after an exhausting week at the League of Historic American Theatre national conference, I decided to stretch my car trip out over three days. My return trip included stops at the Cleveland Scottish Rite, Thomas Moses’ Oak Park home and Walter Burridge’s gravesite at Forest Home Cemetery. I realized that if I were to route my trip through Des Moines to see our eldest child, my journey would also pass by Moses’ hometown of Sterling.

After spending the evening of July 19 in Genoa, Illinois, with close friends and visiting the Egyptian Theatre at DeKalb, I was on the road the next morning by 6:20 a.m. Instead of taking a direct route that would take an hour, I decided to meander west first to Oregon, Illinois, and then head south along the river. That provided and opportunity to pass a few historic opera houses, understanding that I would have to be satisfied with just seeing the exterior of each building.

It was going to be another scorcher, and I was thankful to be spending most of the day in a cool car, driving along a picturesque river. I first stopped in Oregon at the Kiwanis Park to enjoyed the early morning sun sparkling down a rambling river, Then I tracked down the local opera house, as I knew there must be one somewhere nearby. It was too early to visit any theater; I located the opera house building adjacent to the Masonic hall and across from city hall – go figure.

Other stops included Castle Rock State Park and Grand Detour. Grand Detour is an idyllic town, home to an 1850 Episcopal church and an 1857 hotel. A small village nestled between two rivers; the old hotel with hitching posts was for sale. So much potential in this little town. As I ventured south, I stopped by another opera house in bustling town of Dixon; who knew that this was the birthplace of Ronald Reagan?

As I drove to my destination in Sterling, Illinois, I passed one of the major cemeteries, making a little note to come back and peak around. I would later discover that the gravestones had many scenic art family names, including Landis and Tuttle.

As I followed my navigational route to 508 W. 7^th Street, I noticed the sign “Lincoln Memorial.” This recent memorial that sat across the street from the first home that Moses purchased in 1879. For a brief period of time, the couple returned to their hometown of Sterling until Moses realized that there was not enough theatrical work in the area to cover their bills.

I sat awestruck looking at the small white house, imagining what the neighborhood looked like when the couple moved in. After all, it was only a stone’s throw away from Lucius M. Moses’ tannery along the river. Moses had left the town to escape the family trade and settle in 1879 only a few blocks away – struggling. His father had also gone out of his way to discourage local businesses from hiring his son. It must have been an incredibly difficult period in his life, as well as their marriage, when young couple was just trying to make a go of it.

Thomas and Ella in front of their Sterling Home

Before leaving town, I could not resist stopping by the local public library, chatting with the librarians, and donating a book in honor of Thomas Moses. The Sterling Public library was founded in 1878, but the current building had been constructed in 1913, another Carnegie Library building.

I soon discovered that the library’s local historian had recently retired, but I was given access to the history center and genealogy room. There I discovered some interesting history about the area, captured in old postcards and local directories. I searched for specific listings that provided answers to many of my questions about extended family members and businesses. Unfortunately I could not stay for long, as my Des Moines lunch date was over three hours away and I had another four-hour drive back to Minneapolis after that. I left town at 10:30 and headed West, all the while contemplating new bits of information that provided insight into Moses’ childhood and hometown.

To be continued…

Travels of a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Thomas G. Moses in Oak Park, Illinois, 1905.

Thomas G. Moses lived in Oak Park, Illinois from 1893 until his passing in 1934.

A census map of Oak Park, Illinois, a western suburb of Chicago.

After Thomas G. Moses returned to Chicago in 1904, he exhibited a painting at Suydam’s drug store in Oak Park. Suydam’s was on the corner of Oak Park Avenue and South Boulevard, just a few blocks from Moses’ Oak Park home on S. Euclid Avenue.

Aerial view of the intersection where Suydam’s drugstore was locate on South Boulevard and Oak Park Avenue in Oak Park, Illinois. Notice train station nearby, making it the perfect high-traffic location. Moses’ home was a few blocks away.

An ideal location, the drugstore was right next to the railway that took commuters to downtown Chicago. In 1905, the “Oak Park Leaves,” reported, “Mr. Suydam is one of the honest, energetic business men of Oak Park, prominent alike in business and social circles. He came to Oak Park fifteen years ago from Philadelphia, where he was a graduate of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, one of the oldest institutions of the kind in the country. In Oak Park he is the successor of Gale & Blocki, and has not only maintained the reputation established by that firm but has earned the measure of success to which he has attained” (Saturday, June 17, 1905 – Page 30). Suydam would later sell his drug store and become an art dealer.

Moses’ painting on exhibit at Suydam’s was entitled “The Edge of the Wood.” The composition depicted a view on the Bronx River near New York. The “Oak Park Leaves” published an article on his painting and overall notoriety as a talented scenic artist and designer. Although I have previously posted about much information presented in this article, now is an appropriate moment to pause and reflect on the life of Moses when he was 49 years old. As I just turned 50, this milestone birthday causes one to consider past choices and look toward future opportunities.

The 1905 “Oak Leaves” article began, “T. G. Moses, Artist. Oak Parker Famous as Designer of Scenic Productions – excels in Forest Pictures” ” (15 April 1905, page 25). Here is the remainder of the section about Moses:

“Among the residents of Oak Park who are possibly more famous throughout the country than in their own hometown Thomas G. Moses of South Euclid avenue, whose fame as a scenic artist and designer of scenic productions is co-extensive with the theatrical world. But Mr. Moses’ art is not confined to commercial lines. He is a lover of art for art’s sake, and his leisure moments after many a hard day’s toil, are devoted to the painting of beautiful forest scenes in oil whose merits entitle him to a prominent place among the woodland painters of the country. His last picture, ‘The Edge of the Wood,’ presents a view on the historical Bronx River, near New York, and has been completed during the last month. It is now on exhibition at Suydam’s drug store on Oak Park Avenue. The painting is a fine representation of Mr. Moses’ art, imbuing the viewer with that spirit of restfulness characteristic of the quiet old woods of the east, with the outside sunshine percolating in through the trees and softening into a gentle glow.

“Mr. Moses was born in Liverpool, England. His early life was spent in Sterling, Ill, where he received his first instruction in drawing. When quite young, he took up decorative art with P. M. Almini & Co. of Chicago. The head designer was Louis Malmsha, a famous scenic artist of that time, who became interested in the young man and made him his assistant. This proved to be the making of Moses, as it placed him more in the line of work he wanted, landscape, forest interiors and mountain scenes, schooling him largely to the designing of drop curtains and scenic productions. He is now of the firm Sosman & Landis, the great scenic artists of Chicago. Mr. Moses has traveled quite extensively in this country, has been to California six times to do big scenic productions, such as Booth & Barrett’s Hamlet and Marie Antoinette and Macbeth and Mary Stuart for Modjeska. During the past five years he and his family have resided in New York, where he designed and painted the scenery for the famous Florodora and Silver Slipper. During the summers he sketched the beautiful scenery in the vicinity of Watkin’s Glen, and in the Catskills near Ellenville, N.Y. Two years ago he was admitted to the famous Salmagundi club of New York City, which has membership of their leading artists and sculptors of New York and many non-residents. He has sketched forest from California, New Mexico, Arizona, Oregon and Washington. But none appeal to him as the woods of the east, more quiet and restful, with the delicate birch and beach; a few oaks and moss covered rocks, with a small brook and plenty of sunshine. His pictures are exhibited in New York twice a year. For several years he painted in the studio of R. M. Shurtleff, the well-known painter of forest interiors, where he has secured valuable assistance.” By the way, Roswell M. Shurtleff is credited with the design of the confederate flag as he lay in a confederate hospital as a Union Soldier (see “Tales of a Scenic Artist and Scholar” #448 and #449)

To be continued…

Travels of a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Thomas G. Moses and Oak Park, Illinois, July 19, 2019

The home of Thomas G. Moses from 1893 – 1934.

Thomas and Ella Moses began house hunting in Chicago at the beginning of 1893. A few months later, they selected a home in the western suburb of Oak Park, Illinois. The S. Euclid Ave structure was only a year old and spacious enough to accommodate four young children. At thirty-seven years old, “Tom” and Ella had four children William “Pitt,” Mary Titcomb, Thomas “Rupert,” and Lillian Ella were ages fourteen, twelve, seven, and four. Moses was thirty-seven years old and at the top of his profession; life was really looking up.

Moses wrote that their new home had “very fine wood-work, a large stable, driveway, and a 60 x 178 foot lot.” They bought the house for $8,575.00, today’s equivalent of $222,238.22, a substantial sum. Although the amount was much more than the couple wanted to pay, Moses wrote that it appealed to them as no other one had. He had a perfect spot for a home studio with plenty of light. His studio was located in the attic with a high ceiling and ample room to hang pictures.

Years later, his grandchildren would recall being told not to bother their grandpa when he was painting, yet they still managed to escape to the third floor. Opening the attic door and venturing up steep steps, they were never reprimanded, just given a small project to keep them busy.

The Moses family moved into their new home on May 1, 1893 – the same day that the Columbian Exposition opened in Chicago. Moses recorded that their new home provided plenty of room to entertain World Fair visitors. There are extant photographs that depict the interior of their Oak Park home. In one, Moses sits in front of an easel in his third-floor studio. Paintings, statues, masks, and art supplies surround him, capturing a moment in the life and times of Thomas G. Moses. There was painted ornament in almost every nook and cranny of the home.

I have wanted to visit Moses’ Oak Park home since I first read about it. The Oak Park and Forest Park area, suburbs located immediately west of Chicago, were home to many Chicago artists who commuted to the city. When my trip home from Philadelphia, I had the opportunity to pass through Oak Park and see the neighborhood.

Until Moses’ passing in 1934, Oak Park remained his home. The only time that he and Ella did not live in there was when they temporarily moved to New York from 1900 until 1904. Although they spent time on the West Coast too, Oak Park was the primary home to Ella and the children, hosting seasonal gatherings for family and friends. While living in New York for the four short years, Moses found renters for the Oak Park house. In 1900, he wrote, “I didn’t regret going east; but we did miss our Oak Park home.”

On the morning of July 19, 2019, I planned my drive to Moses’ home and a nearby cemetery. Moses’ one-time business partner, Walter Burridge, was buried in Forest Home Cemetery in the nearby suburb of Forest Park. As I pulled off at the Oak Park exit, I closely examined the houses as the navigational system directed my to S. Euclid Avenue. I had already looked at the Moses’ home in Google maps, so knew the color and exterior of the home.

Picture from Google maps of the old Moses home

All morning I contemplated actually going up to the house, knocking on the door and introducing myself to the current owners. Risky move, as I was unsure of the area or the people that I may meet. Times are different and doors do not always open to reveal a smiling face. I realized that I would have to quickly explain that I was not selling a product or peddling any particular religion, before explaining my interest in their house. At least my visit wasn’t occurring during an election season.

As I walked up the front steps, it was hard not to think of the many artists who ascended these same steps throughout the duration of Moses’ life, his close friends who stopped by to chat or discuss an upcoming project. I recalled one particular instance when his close Palette & Chisel Club friends came over to examine the 300+ paintings in his attic studio, convincing him to do a one-man show.

When I reached the front door, I noticed to signs – “We still stand with Standing Rock” and “All are Welcome.” I heaved a huge sigh of relief as all trepidation evaporated. I looked at the decommissioned doorbell and decided to knock, but not too loud. A chorus of dogs responded to my knocking, and then the door slowly opened. I smiled at a woman about my own age and explained, “I’m not some nut off the street…”

Almost two hours later, I left the home. As expected, I got teary eyed when I entered Moses’ old studio on the third floor. There is still so much history and such a wonderful energy about the space. I can see why this would be the perfect paint studio for Moses or any artist. There is so much more to the story of my visit, but I can’t bring myself to share. For now, I just want to keep it close and reflect on both the details and newfound friends.

My grand tour ended with a cup of tea and a copy of her daughters’ music CD. In exchange for the hospitality and gift, I left my copy of “The Santa Fe Scottish Rite: Freemasonry, Architecture and Theater.” One chapter includes a lot of information about Moses’ life and his work at Sosman & Landis. It was the least I could do, especially after my host invited me to stay at their home anytime I came to Chicago. The family is perfect fit for the Moses home.

The CD gifted to me by current residents of the Thomas G. Moses home.

There is that moment when fate intervenes and you encounter people who make your entire journey better, enriching your life, even if it is just for a moment. I have been fortunate over the course of my studies and career to be repeatedly blessed with meeting so many positive personalities; they always overshadow any negative individual or situation that I encounter. Stopping by the Moses’ old home and meeting the current residents was absolutely magical and made me reflect how lucky I am in my own journey.

To be continued…

Travels of a Scenic Artist and Scholar. The Cleveland Scottish Rite, July 18, 2019

I stayed in Cleveland, Ohio, on my return to Minneapolis after the League of Historic American Theatres national conference in Philadelphia. In 1905 Thomas G. Moses wrote, “I had to go to Cleveland to put in a lot of old mill scenery at Luna Park. Ed Thompson went with me and J. H. Young went to do the properties and papier mache work.” Moses had a long relationship with amusement park attractions and exciting projects with entertainment visionary Frederick Thompson. Luna Park in Cleveland, Ohio, opened in 1905 and lasted until 1929, when it was destroyed by fire. Constructed by Frederick Ingersoll of Ingersoll Construction Company, the park was located on a 35-acre site, bounded by Woodland Avenue, Woodhill, Mt. Caramel, and East 110^th Street. Four years later, Moses was working in Cleveland again. This time it was for a Masonic theater.

In 1909, Sosman & Landis delivered a new set of scenery to the Cleveland Scottish Rite Theatre. That year, Moses wrote, “The Dallas Masonic work came in early, so did San Francisco and Cleveland, Ohio.” Scottish Rite installations delivered by Sosman & Landis during 1909 included Masonic theaters in Dallas, Texas, San Francisco, CA, Cleveland, OH, Kansas City, KS, Winona, MN, and Atlanta, GA. Several months ago, I wrote about the Cleveland Scottish Rite and its recent purchase by an investment group that was targeting Masonic theaters. Here is a brief recap on the history and why I made a point of stopping at the Scottish Rite in Cleveland.

The Scottish Valley of Cleveland consists of a ten-county area in northern Ohio. The four Scottish Rite bodies include the Eliadah Lodge of Perfection, Bahurim Council, Ariel Chapter and Lake Erie Consistory. Before their move to their home at 3615 Euclid Avenue, the previous home to the Cleveland Scottish Rite bodies, was built in 1883 and located at Superior Avenue and East 6^th St.

Like many Scottish Rite Valleys during the early twentieth century, Cleveland’s membership dramatically increased, necessitating a new facility. Construction for a new Masonic building commenced during 1918. Interestingly, in 1919, Toomey & Volland scenic studio records indicate that they created scenery for the Cleveland Scottish Rite Temple. Ten years earlier, Sosman & Landis created the scenery for degree work in Cleveland. It is unclear how much of the original scenery may have been enlarged and moved to the new facility, if any.

Once the Scottish Rite Theatre in Cleveland, Ohio. Now owned by TempleLive.

Newly repainted ceiling at the Cleveland Scottish Rite

Original seats in at the Cleveland Scottish Rite theater

After 1915, it was not uncommon for Toomey & Volland to underbid Sosman & Landis on Masonic projects, especially in the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction. However, even a second scenery collection delivered by a competitor would not preclude the retention of some original scenes for the new stage. Some favorite settings were simply enlarged and installed in the venue alongside the new scenery collection.

Keep in mind too, that many Northern Jurisdiction Scottish Rite installations were delivered by a scenic studio located in the Southern Jurisdiction (Toomey & Volland of St. Louis), and many Southern Jurisdiction Scottish Rite installations were delivered by a scenic studio in the Northern Jurisdiction (Sosman & Landis of Chicago). This may have been a calculated move for the scenic studio owners who were Masons, as working outside of their personal jurisdiction may have prevented any pressure on the studio owner to donate time, money, services, or goods.

Hubbell & Benes, the same firm that designed the Cleveland museum of art in 1916, designed the new Masonic Temple in Cleveland. The new fraternal complex was home to many Masonic Orders, including Scottish Rite, York Rite, Shrine, DeMolay, Job’s Daughters, Eastern Star, etc. The massive building covered 102,000 square feet of space, with a 2200-seat auditorium. Acclaimed for its acoustics at the time, the Masonic Temple was even home to the Cleveland Orchestra for a decade, before their moving in 1931 to Severance Hall.

Backstage at the Cleveland Scottish Rite

Individual lines at the Cleveland Scottish Rite

As with many other Masonic buildings of this scope, the Valley cited declining membership after World War II and escalated expenses from deferred maintenance when they put their building on the market in 2017. The corporate secretary of the Cleveland Scottish Rite admitted that it cost $400,000 a year to maintain the building, “an outlay that would soon exhaust the operating endowment.” Keep in mind that the endowment is now used for rent paid to the new owners). Cleveland’s Masonic building is listed on the National Register of Historic places, so the property is eligible for preservation funding including state and federal tax credits.

Nearly one hundred years after construction began on the Masonic Auditorium in Cleveland, it was sold to a private developer. The affiliate of Arkansas-based Beaty Capital Group, Inc. paid only $725,000 for the entire complex on March 31, 2017. TempleLive, a subsidiary of Beaty Capital Group is the same company that purchased the Scottish Rite in Forth Smith, Arkansas, and most recently, the Scottish Rite in Wichita, Kansas. They also attempted to purchase the Zembo Shrine building in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania during January 2018.

In Cleveland, Fort Smith and Wichita, the Fraternity will never be able to afford the expense of constructing anything comparable. In many cases, the materials and craftsmanship necessary to build these types of buildings are often no longer available. It is the future generations of Masons who lose in the end, as they are the ones who will never experience the space, or the physical sense of heritage. The buildings were planned and constructed by men with vision. It also takes vision to contemplate how these venues can be saved and marketed. The winners are those who purchase these jewels for pennies on the dollar.

I was curious to see how a Masonic building was operating under the direction of Templelive, hence my stop. More on my experience at the Cleveland Scottish Rite tomorrow.

Update: TempleLive, a network of historic entertainment venues abruptly closed all location in September 2025. Owned by Beaty Capital Group, the venues often included Masonic structures such as Scottish Rite Temples.

To be continued…