Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Part 1181 – The Passing of Hugo R. Volland and Patrick J. Toomey

Copyright © 2021 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

A business can change in the blink of an eye, especially when there is a change in command.  From Nov. 1921 to March 1922, the Toomey & Volland lost both of its founders; the death of each one was a surprise.

Toomey & Volland Studio Stamp, 1921

On Nov. 14, 1921, the “St. Louis Star” announced Hugo R. Volland’s passing. His obituary notice reported, “Hugo R. Volland, president and treasurer of the Toomey & Volland Scenic Company, died at his home, 5865 Enright avenue, at 4:40 a.m. today. Volland was a 33d honorary degree Mason. Two weeks ago he suffered a nervous collapse. He is survived by the widow, Mrs. Laura Volland, two sons, Louis J. and Victor, and a daughter, Rose. Keystone Lodge, of which he was a member, will be in charge of the funeral Wednesday, from the Scottish Rite Cathedral, Seventeenth and Locust street. It will be preceded by the Knights of Kadosh funeral service at the cathedral tomorrow midnight.”

On November 16, 1921, the “St. Louis Post-Dispatch” reported, “More than 1,000 persons last night witnessed the unusual midnight, or Kadosh, services of the Scottish Rite Masons over the body of Hugo R. Volland, 55 years old, scenic artist, thirty-third honorary degree Mason and Knight Templar, who died last Monday night at his home 5865 Enright avenue. The services took place in the Scottish Rite Cathedral, Seventeenth and Locust streets. The cathedral auditorium was packed to capacity by the time services began. Many persons, unable to obtain seats, found there was into the balcony. At 11:58 o’clock the lights in the auditorium gradually dimmed until the entirely extinguished, except nine candles placed at the head and foot of the bier. The coffin rested directly in front of an iron cross, behind which was the stage. The only remaining lights were in the choir loft, where red lamps burned for the singers. At midnight a deep booming gong, hidden behind curtains on the stage, sounded, and marked the entrance of the first of thirteen knights, each clad in black gown and hood and carrying a lighted candle. As each minute was marked on the gong a knight advanced until thirteen hooded men surrounded the coffin of their late brother. Silence Follows a Bugle  Sound. As the last k night sounded from the gallery, and this was followed by a period of silence. Jesse N. Watson, commander, then recited services for the dead and called on the knights who might feel so deeply moved, to step forward and accuse the dead brother of any wrong done prior to his death. One by one three knights addressed the commander, who stood between the stage and the cross, and, in grave tones, declared themselves, were not perfect. Watson then grasped a small hammer and struck three times on the main shaft of the cross, uttering the words, “Then let the grave be ready to receive its dead.” Two knights stepped forward, lifted Volland’s sword from the lid of the casket, and removed the lid. During the ceremony a violin solo by Fred Sultan, accompanied by O. Wade Fallert, organist, was played softly. Two knights surrounding the bier were called upon to advance and relieve the body of ‘petty baubles and cords that bind the hands and his feet. This part of the service was explained, is symbolic of the soul taking flight to another world. At 1:35 a.m. the hooded knights advanced to the bier and, after dipping their fingers in pure water, touched the breast of the dead brother, at the same time pronouncing the farewell: ‘My brother, now thou art dead to this world and livest in the Lord.’ The choir then sang ‘Nearer, My God, to Thee,’ and the nights, extinguishing their candles departed from the auditorium.”

Patrick J. Toomey. From the “St. Louis Post-Dispatch” on March 13, 1922.

Six months later, on March 13, 1922, Volland’s business partner and friend also passed.  On March 13, 1922, the “St. Louis Post-Dispatch” announced “P. J. Toomey, Pioneer Scenic Painter Dies.” The newspaper reported, “P. J. Toomey, 71 years old, one of the pioneer scenic painters of St. Louis, died suddenly at 10 a.m. yesterday as the result of an illness with which he was attacked while at mass in St. Roch’s Catholic Church. Rosedale and Waterman avenues. Physicians said death was due to cerebral hemorrhage. Worshipers sitting near Toomey said they did not observe anything unusual in his actions or appearance during the services, until he began breathing heavily and slumped forward in his seat. Several men who were sitting nearby carried him to one of the schoolrooms, next door, and a physician was summoned. Toomey’s son, Dr. Noxon Toomey, was sent for, but Toomey was dead when he arrived. The son said his father complained of feeling ill. Toomey painted the scenes for the first floats of a Veiled Prophet’s parade. He continued this sort of work for 25 years, giving it up recently, when a corporation formed to do the work took it over. He also did most of the painting for some of the old theaters in St. Louis, among them Pope’s, the Olympic and the Century. He at one time painted scenes for the Knickerbocker Theater, New York City. Toomey was one of the founders of the firm Toomey & Volland, scene painters 3127 Cass avenue. His first studio was opened in St. Louis in the Olympic Theatre Building, in 1867. The room in which this studio was located was destroyed recently. Funeral services will be held Wednesday at 9 a.m. at the Church of Our Lady of Lourdes, St. Louis County, Interment will follow in Calvary Cemetery. Toomey is survived by his widow, Mrs. Mary Vogt Toomey, and the son.”

The last line of Toomey’s obituary noted, “Hugo R Volland, the other member of the firm, died Nov. 14, following a paralytic strike.”

To be continued…

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Part 1180 – Volland’s Studio, 1924

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

In 1924 Thomas G. Moses wrote, “On the [March] 30th, I stopped at St. Louis, where Kirke met me at the station and we went to Volland’s studio.  It is some studio.” Toomey & Volland built a new studio in 1922. Work was pouring in, especially Masonic scenery orders.

New Toomey & Volland Studio, 1922

Moses continued, “They were very anxious to have me come down and help them out, as they had more work that they could handle.” I bet, as they had kept winning bids from Sosman & Landis over the past few years. Moses’ bid for the Chicago-based firm was always higher than their St. Louis competitors, especially in the post-WWI years. Moses was a close friend both Patrick J. Toomey and Hugo R. Volland. He repeatedly mentioned stopping by the Toomey & Volland shops whenever he was in St. Louis, Missouri.

There was another issue at play when Moses’ mentioned stopping by Volland’s in 1924. Both of the studio founders passed away within six months of each other, and Toomey & Volland transitioned into Volland Scenic Studios. Volland’s son Victor was now running the business with his own ideas. The two founders, both skilled scenic artists in their own right, were gone.

It has been a while since I covered the history of the Toomey & Volland Studio, so I’ll do a brief recap. Then I’ll cover the collapse of the original firm between 1922 and 1923.

Volland Studios evolved from an earlier partnership known as Toomey & Volland. Moses was close friends with Toomey.  Toomey & Volland evolved from an earlier scenic art partnership called Noxon & Toomey. Thomas C. Noxon and Patrick Joseph Toomey joined forces in approximately 1867. Interestingly, Volland Studio would claim 1869 as their establishment, but Noxon was the firm’s first president and senior partner in the company.

Noxon and Toomey expanded in 1881 and changed its name to Noxon, Albert & Toomey. The famed Ernest Albert was added to the company, while Toomey was reported to be “the itinerant member of the firm” (Richmond Dispatch, 24 Jan 1886, page 3). The company ran regional offices with studios in St. Louis, Missouri, Chicago, Illinois & Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Noxon, Albert & Toomey lasted for almost a decade, but Albert eventually returned to Chicago to partner with Walter Burridge and Oliver Dennett Grover, forming Albert, Grover & Burridge. This was immediately after Moses partnered with Burridge, forming Burridge, Moses and Louderback. By 1891, Albert, Grover & Burridge partnered and built an innovative scenic studio in Chicago with twenty paint frames and a display area to fully light and stage completed sets for clients.  Although there was much promise, the firm went bankrupt in two years.

The majority of late-nineteenth-century and early-twentieth-century scenic art partnerships formed quickly; they came and went. In some ways, they were like the type of fire-works that make a big boom and then quickly fizzled to the ground.  Very few companies lasted the test of time, with both Sosman & Landis and Volland Studios being the exceptions. However, Toomey & Volland really did not withstand the test of time, as the partnership only lasted two decades. Volland Studios certainly lasted longer, but that it wasn’t a partnership; Volland became a family firm.

To be continued…

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Part 1179: The Fort Wayne Shrine, 1924

Copyright © 2021 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

In 1924, Thomas G. Moses wrote, “Fred and I took an auto trip to Fort Wayne and got the wires laid for the Shrine work.”  They were bidding on scenery for the new Mizpah Shrine Temple at 409 West Berry Street in Fort Wayne, Indiana. On April 24, 1924, the “Garrett Clipper” reported, “The general contract for the construction of the auditorium of Mizpah Shrine temple to be erected in Fort Wayne has been let to Max Irmscher & Sons of that city and excavations were started Thursday morning. The structure will be finished some eighteen months from now or around September 1, 1925.”  Designed by Fort Wayne architect Guy Mahurin, the building was an interesting mixture of eastern and western elements. The stage was intended to host professional productions. From the beginning the Masons anticipated that the stage would be used for much more than Masonic activities.

In 1925 Moses wrote, “Fulton and I started our western work by making a lot of models and sketches for a big job in Fort Wayne, Indiana, all Shrine work.  The Mizpah Temple.  We have endeavored to give them some new ideas and I hope they will go…After a number of delays, we expressed our models to Fort Wayne.”

Moses landed the contract and painted everything on site. That fall, he recorded, “Arrived in Fort Wayne on September 17th and found everything in good shape; a good bridge and frame and a drop on the frame ready for me. I got busy the next day and did a 30’ x 75’ wood in a day and a half – quickest time I ever made, and for one who had not worked in five months, I considered it some feat.  I found that I was in good condition and capable of doing a good day’s work.” He was 69 years old and still incredibly fast at scene painting.

After the project was completed, Moses even stayed for the opening ceremonies, writing, “I finished on time and enjoyed my Fez parade and mixing with real fellows, especially the stunts that I have been working on for so many years.”

The opening of the Mizpah Shrine was a three day event that ended with a production of “Aida.” On Nov. 18, 1925, “The Times” announced, “Fort Wayne, Ind. Nov. 18. – A three-day program marking the dedication of the new $1,000,000 clubhouses and auditorium of the Mizpah Shrine temple was opened here today with hundreds of Shriners from Northern Indiana, Ohio and Michigan in attendance” (Muncie, Indiana, page 6).

On Nov. 19, 1925, “The Times” reported, “With 3,000 nobles from all over Indiana in attendance, the three-day program incident to the dedication of the new $1,000,000 building of the Mizpah Shrine Temple was opened here today. Ritualistic services of the order during the day were in charge of Elias Jacoby, of Indianapolis, past imperial potentate. The day’s events closed with a grand ball in the auditorium of the new temple.  Tomorrow a class of 300 novices will cross the hot sands to Mecca, the initiation being in charge of Imperial Potentate James C. Burger of Denver, Col., and his divan. A banquet will be served in the evening. The dedication ceremonies will come to a climax Friday evening when the Chicago Grand Opera Company will present Verdi’s “Aida,” with Rosa Raisa singing the title role.”

I was surprised about the addition of n operatic performance.  More information was published in the “Steuben Republican” – “The Chicago Grand Opera Company is now in the midst of its season at the Auditorium, Chicago, but will break into its season there and transport the entire immense company and massive scenic equipment to Fort Wayne for the one appearance at the new Mizpah Temple” (Angola, Indiana, 4 Nov., 1925, page 4). That had to have cost a pretty penny at the end of the day, as the production traveled with a 65-piece orchestra too.  Membership in the Shrine was skyrocketing and the coffers were filling fast.  This did not last, and the Masons could not hold onto their grand edifice.

From the “Garrett Clipper,” 18, June 1925, page 4.

The building is now known as the Robert Goldstine Performing Arts Center. 

To be continued…

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Part 1178 – Thomas G. Moses and the San Antonio Scottish Rite

Copyright © 2021 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

In 1924, Thomas G. Moses wrote, “I left home on the 5th of January for a southern trip.” 

He was heading south to San Antonio, Texas, to bid on another Scottish Rite theatre contract; one that he would not get.  Regardless, the trip was quite eventful. Moses continued, “I reached St. Louis quite late on the Alton road.  Found our connecting line had gone on.  Awfully cold and storming badly.  Managed to bluff my way onto another train and was fortunate in securing the same berth number.  Travelled all the next day on our way to Paris, Texas, where we had to remain overnight.  We left Paris early the next morning and arrived in San Antonio at 8:21 in the evening, where I spent several days with my old friend Herbert Barnard.  We had quite a good showing at his studio.”

Barnard had quite a reputation in San Antonio and should have been the local favorite, but he was not a Mason. Barnard was well known as a designer and director of outdoor festivals. In 1923, the “Tulsa Tribune” reported, “Barnard stands almost unrivaled in America. Despite the number of years that he has been engaged in scenic decoration, his work displays ever-increasing ingenuity and originality. He builds the floats in keeping with the spirit and nature of the event for which they are designed, and in some of his former connections has produced carnivals and festivals of bewildering lavishness and startling originality” (July 22, 1923).

Unfortunately, they were bidding against Toomey & Volland, another southern studio with quite a reputation. Unlike Barnard, however, Toomey & Volland were well-respected for their Masonic Scenery production.

Moses wrote, “Barnard is really entitled to the contract and I did all I could to throw the work at him with the understanding that our company would be sharer in the profits.  We finally got our estimate submitted.  It was $38,000.00  Volland took the contract at $26,000.00.” It was a big project -114 drops.

This was a pattern that would continue to plague Moses for the next decade.  No matter how he figured the numbers, Moses often came in as the highest bidder, the projects quickly slipping thru his fingertips.

The Scottish Rite Cathedral of San Antonio was completed in 1924 at a cost of $1.5 million.

The stage at the San Antonio Scottish Rite Cathedral

To be continued…

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Part 1177 – Thomas G. Moses and the Masonic Temple in Manhattan, Kansas

Copyright © 2021 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

In 1924, Thomas G. Moses wrote, “We also did a small job at Manhattan, Kansas of $1,100.00.”  It was York Rite scenery for the Masonic Temple.

From the “Manhattan Mercury,” 20 May 1922, page 2.

On Nov. 29, 1924, “The Morning Chronicle” announced, “Select Masters Degree to Four Candidates Tonight. New Scenery – Nine Drops and Four different scenes – to be used.” The article continued, “Four candidates will be given the Select Masters degree by the Masonic be the first to be performed by the Council tonight. The ceremony will council and the number of candidates was limited for that reason. There are about 25 candidates for the degree.

The new scenery for the temple arrived Thursday night and will be in position for the services tonight. The scenery consists of nine drops and four scenes. It is to be used by all the Masonic bodies.” The new scenery would be further described a year later when it was featured again. On June 30, 1925, “The Morning Chronicle,” reported “New scenery will be utilized.”  The article continued, “A stunt night program in which all of Manhattan’s six Masonic orders will join is to be held in the Masonic Temple next Thursday evening…The occasion will afford a splendid opportunity to utilize the new scenery and lighting equipment to fine advantage.”

Moses’ work was well known in Manhattan, as Sosman & Landis delivered scenery to the new temple in 1922. On July 13 of that year the “Manhattan Nationalist” reported, “New Scenery Arrives. Drop Curtains Placed in Masonic Temple – to Confer Degree on Large Class.”  The article reported, “The scenery which will be used by the Masonic in conferring the Most Excellent degree arrived Monday and has been put in position in the new Masonic temple. It is expected that it will be used the first time in conferring the degree upon a class of eight candidates from Wamego, who have signified their intention of coming to Manhattan for the ceremonies. The scenery was made by Sosman & Landis Scenic Co. of Chicago, one of the largest firms of this kind in the country and is considered a real work of art.”

The Sosman & Landis scenery was mentioned again the next year.  In December 1923 the Royal Arch Masons conferred degrees on a class of 25 candidates from Manhattan and Wamego. “The Morning Chronicle” reported, “Historic hymns which are included in the ceremonial will be illustrated with lantern slides. The new scenery furnishing settings for degree work which was purchased and installed in the temple last year will be used in connection with the initiatory ceremonies.”

To be continued…

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Part 1176 – 416 S. Kedzie Avenue in 1924

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

In 1924 Thomas G. Moses wrote, “Our small studio on Kedzie Avenue has certainly got my ‘goat’ as it seems almost impossible to move our large drops and wings.”  This was the beginning of Moses’ continued struggle for space, a problem that would plague him for the remainder of his career. In the end, it became easiest for him to paint on projects on site, or rent a nearby theatre. It must have been a logistical mess.

The address was still listed for the studio in 1931

Moses & Megan were renting space at 416 S. Kedzie Ave. as they waited to finalize their purchase of the Sosman & Landis name. They would remain at that address throughout the decade. The site is now a parking lot.

To be continued…

Travels of a Scenic Artist and Scholar: Yankton, South Dakota

Copyright © 2021 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

Scenery by Sosman & Landis Scene Painting Studio for the Scottish Rite Theatre in Wichita, Kansas. In 1908, the Wichita Scottish Rite purchased new scenery. Their old scenery was relocated to the Masonic Temple in Yankton, South Dakota.

Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Painted detail. Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Painted detail. Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Painted detail. Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Painted detail. Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Painted detail. Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Painted detail. Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Painted detail. Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
Painted detail. Scenery by Sosman & Landis, 1898
The Masonic Temple in Yankton, South Dakota
The Masonic Temple in Yankton, South Dakota

Tales from a Scenic Artist and Scholar. Part 1175 – The Illini Theatre in Sterling, Illinois, 1924

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

In 1924 Thomas G. Moses wrote, “Some small work has filled in very nicely.  We secured the contract for my old hometown theatre.” Moses was referring to the Illini Theatre in Sterling, Illinois. The 1,200-seat venue was a combination house, built by George Greenough and W. A. Weeks. Moses & Megan delivered both fabric draperies and painted curtains, each now considered necessary for venues featuring both live entertainment and film. This project was secured and completed while Moses and Fred R. Megan were waiting to purchase the Sosman & Landis name.

From the “Sterling Daily Gazette,” 10 March 1924.

On March 19, 1924, The “Sterling Daily Gazette” described the stage of the new theater. The article reported, “The stage, 28 feet deep and 52 feet wide, an arch opening which is 30 feet wide. The stage is equipped with appropriate drops to harmonize with the color and decorative scheme of the theater. The asbestos curtain is plain but for the letter “L.” Back of that are beautiful tobacco brown velour drapes which operate on tracks so that they may be gathered back in drape effect. Furnishing an outline setting for the silver picture screen is a lavender and gold drape of sateen. An advertising olio curtain, a wood scene and the usual interior and exterior boarders are included in the stage drops. All of the curtains were designed and furnished by Tom Moses of the firm Moses and Megan. Mr. Moses is a former Sterling resident and has many friends among the older citizens.”

From the “Sterling Daly Gazette,” 10 March 1924.

After a brief nod to the scenic elements, the article described the new “beautiful lighting effects” at the Illini Theatre. The article continued, “The lighting effects comprise a tribute to the highest genius  of electrical science. It is doubtful if Fairyland with its pale, delicate hues – the pinks and purples, the reds and yawning yellows, balmy blues and gentle greens of the most resplendent imaginative array – could be more adequately illuminated to reveal its hidden charm. An ingenious system of lighting operated by a new type of remote-controlled switchboard and cleverly adjusted dimmers, whose levers may be operated with piano touch, is the source of the subtle brilliance in the reflector boxes under the organ screen on both sides of the proscenium arch and throughout the auditorium. The seven primal colors of the rainbow may be blended and diffused by this artful scheme to suit the whims of the picture upon the screen, with unerring faithfulness to plot suggestion. There can be pink dawns, golden noons and purple twilights, bleak breaks-o’-day, cheerless noontimes and drab sunfalls, sombre nights shot with silvery moonlight; yellow hazes simmering in the summer in the summer sun; mountain blues and grey flecked with snowy whites, the vital greens of meadow and hillside, the pinks of rose and the red glows of pulsating life whichever the theme of the picture suggests.”

From the “Sterling Daily Gazette,” 12 June 1924, page 2.
From the “Sterling Daily Gazette,” 24 May 1924, page 2.
From the “Sterling Daily Gazette,” 10 June 1924, page 2.

To be continued…