Author: waszut_barrett@me.com

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

In the midst of both global and personal strife, P. Dodd Ackerman explored a new stage aesthetic at home and abroad.  Newspapers would later report, “Mr. Ackerman, as early as 1912, saw the coming of the modern decorative art into the theater of this country, an art that had been in vogue for some time in Germany, Austria, Russia, and to a degree in France and Italy. Feeling that the time would come when scenic painting and theater decorations would respond to the modernist movement and, in order to be fully prepared when this movement came, he went abroad to study” (New York Tribune, 27 March 1921, page 48). 

By 1920 Ackerman remarried and was on a different trajectory with new wife and young son in tow; he was becoming part of a theatre movement.

On May 1, 1921, the “New York Tribune” included an article about color theory for the stage, interviewing P. Dodd Ackerman (page 4).

“Colors Vibrate Same as Music, Designer Says” was the heading for the article.

Here is the article in its entirety:

“P. Dodd Ackerman Explains How Scenic Art is an Accessory to the Drama.

“There have been more radical changes in scenic painting for the stage in the last three years than in fifty years previous,” says P. Dodd Ackerman, who painted and designed scenery for “The Broken Wing,” now running at the Forty-eighth Street Theater.

“Where in the past color was thrown indiscriminantly on canvas and shadow lights were employed to give the outline of figure, all of which seemed to produced the illusion of naturalness, this situation no longer holds. Psychology, that science of mind which but a few years ago was understood by only the elect but to-day is understood by millions, has exerted an influence on the painting of scenery for theatrical use. It has brought about a realization that color affects human beings and synchronizes with human emotions if properly applied, and by this same token can create a disturbing element that makes for discord.

“Colors vibrate the same as music tones. The effect of color on the emotions of an audience is a subject that has long been a problem for serious study by the producer of plays, the costumer and the scenic artist. Why red should be the color to indicate danger or green safety no one knows, but still the fact remains that such is the case. Whether red, with its suggestion of fire, or green, of verdant fields, has anything to do with this still remains a matter of speculation. The emotional vibration sent out by red of the prismic ray is known to scientists to be the most powerful and excitiative, while the blue and violet are the most sedative. Lumière, the greatest of all authorities on color influence, after a series of tests covering many years, described the effects of color as the engine that propelled the various phases of human emotion to a perfect consummation of desired results.

“With the stage production reaching its present state of artistic perfection, the scenic artist can no longer paint his scenery merely to represent the outward appearance of the requirements in the manuscript. He must read the manuscript as carefully as the producer, who determines on his reading whether he is willing to make a presentation of it. The artist must make a serious and analytical study of the script and determine the predominating emotion of each act and choose his color scheme for the scenery in order to attain a perfect synchronization of color and emotion. By this means alone can a happy blending of scenery and dialogue, together with the acting of the company, produce the effect hoped for by the author and the manager to obtain complete success for their efforts.

“Speaking in an elementary way, for the purpose of providing simple experiments of color influence, the reader can easily determine the effect of amber in creating depression. By the use of pink exhilaration is promoted. A room done entirely in green simulates morbidity, while on the other hand blue is soothing. It has been discovered that the deeper and darker the tones of blue used as a decorative color scheme the more soothing and peaceful and cam is the influence on human emotion. Brown is a non-emotional color. It creates a sense of firmness and solidity. These suggestions can be utilized to as good advantage in home decoration as they have been in stage scenery. A sombre setting, with a flash of color, upsets synchronization of emotion, with the color scheme of a setting, just as awkward words clash in a musical score with notes intended to be complementary thereto.

“Lighting is so closely allied with stage settings that if there is not a unity of purpose between the two the audience gets the discord, which in this instance is unpleasing to the eye. In consequence thereof the play fails to satisfy and good acting is curtailed of effect.”

To be continued…

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

P. Dodd Ackerman married his first wife Margaret 1897. He listed May Ackerman as his second wife in 1918. Two years later, the wife that Ackerman listed for the 1920 census was Harriet Mary Smith (1890-1936). It is possible that Miss May Smith was Miss Harriet “Hattie” Mary Smith, but there is a discrepancy in age between the two. May Smith was a school mate of Ackerman’s daughter Emma. Emma was born in 1898. Miss Harriet Smith was born in1890; hardly the “child” that the newspapers during the 1916 scandal. In 1916, Harriet Smith would have been twenty-six years old. Interestingly, both Miss May Smith and Miss Harriet Smith worked as stenographers, but there was still the eight-year age gap between the two. In 1916, May Smith was either seventeen or eighteen years old, with P. Dodd Ackerman aged forty-one.

Harriet Mary Smith was one of two children born to Albion W. (1861-1924) and Anna M Smith (1861-1936).  She went by “Hattie” most of her life. The 1910 census listed that the Smiths had been married for 23 years, and their two adult children still living at home. Hattie was 20 yrs. old and her brother Arthur H. was 21 yrs. old.

In 1915, at the age of 25, the New York State census listed Hattie’s occupation as a stenographer, still living with her parents. She was not going by any name other than Harriet or Hattie at the time.

By 1920, Harriet was listed in the US Federal census as 30 years old; Philip was 43. As many women at the time, she ceased working after getting married. Ackerman was the sole breadwinner with “stage designer” listed as his profession in the theatre industry.

They couple celebrated the birth of a son, Philip Dodd Ackerman, Jr. in October 23, 1921. Philip Jr. passed away only two years ago in 2018. The same year that he was born, the elder Ackerman contributed to an interesting exhibit hosted by the N.Y. Drama League.  “Brooklyn Life” reported, “An interesting exhibit of stage scene models has been arranged by the New York Drama League to be held from Dec. 5^th to December 10^th at the League headquarters, 29 West 47^th Street. Among the contributors are: Robert Edmond Jones, Norman Geddes, Boris Anisfeldt, Joseph A. Physioc, Sheldon K. Viele, Willy Pogany, Claude Bragdon, John Wenger, Dorothy McDonald, Warren Dahler, Carmine Vitolo, W. Herbert Adams, Lee Lash, P. Dodd Ackerman, Edward H. Ascherman, Novelty Scenic Studio, and others” ( 3 Dec 1921, page 16). By this time newspaper article identified Ackerman as the “famous scenic artist, “that famous master of scenic art,” “master scenic artist” and “scenic genius”. The “Standard Union” added, “The novel ideas as to the lighting, stage setting, etc., which are being used on the stage to-day calls out much originality and individual work and should make the collection by these well-known designers of marked interest” (4 Dec. 1921, page 35).

This was a turning point for Ackerman. In 1920 On Feb. 29, 1920, Ackerman announced, “Work of the Scenic Artist Has Advanced Materially” (New York Tribune, 29 Feb 1920, page 34).  In an interview Ackerman was quoted, “Theatrical managers are now accepting designs from men who do not make the scenery…Ackerman does not believe in this and has come to be one of the pioneers in coming out against the practice. He believes that the man who is the artist, who is practical, who understands stagecraft and has education can do the type of work now required in the theater, although he has been a member of the old school of stage design.” The following year Ackerman was quoted as saying, “The day of the trick scenic investiture of plays is over. The futurist, the cubist and other reactionary painters of scenery have had their day, short-lived though it was, and are passing” (New York Tribune, 27 March 1921, page 48).

He was hanging with a new crowd; no longer part of the Thomas G. Moses and Lemuel L. Graham crowd. During the 1920s, the Ackermans were often in the company of stage stars and Senators. The attended many social gatherings, including the housewarming party for Mr. and Mrs. Alf T. Wilton, the well-known vaudeville representative (The Standard Union, 7 June 1925, page 7).

By 1923, Ackerman was also among an interesting group of studio owners who joined the Scenic Artist’s Union. On July 14, 1923, the “St. Louis Star and Times” reported, “Joseph Urban. Robert Law, P. Dodd Ackerman, Joseph Wickes, Joseph Physioc, Frank Gates, Walter Harvey, Evna Ackerman, Walter Street, William Castle and Edward Morange are among the scenic studio owners recently joining the Scenic Artists’ Union. Robert Edmund Jones, Lee Simonson, Livingston Platt, Norman Bell-Geddes, Cleo Throckmorton and Watson Barratt will join. The action follows the failure of the International Theatrical Association to back up studio owners” (page 4)

By the 1925 NY State Census, Harriet was now listed as “Mary” S. Ackerman, suggesting that Harriet also went by her middle name, with the “S” signifying her maiden name of Smith. Most often, however, Harriet went by “Mrs. P. Dodd Ackerman.”

The 1930 US Census listed the couple living at 20 Circle Drive in North Hempstead, New York, with Harriet’s mother, Anna Smith” and their nine-years-old son Philip Jr.

Harriet passed away on Aug. 1, 1935, at the age of 45. I have been unable to uncover any information about the cause or circumstances.  What makes this confusing is that another Harriet Ackerman, born in 1893, who died in 1936 was buried on Nov. 13, 1936 in Green-Wood cemetery

To be continued…

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

In 1908 P. Dodd Ackerman delivered scenery for the musical farce “Too Many Wives.”  The show featured Joe Morris and his company, with Ackerman designing and painting the settings at his Bushwick Avenue studio in Brooklyn. The play was later turned into a movie by 1937. I chuckled when I read the title of the show, as it foreshadowed the next decade for Ackerman. Ackerman’s scenic success was not necessarily reflective of his marital status; he would list three different wives by 1920. Ackerman seemed to always be in the right place at the right time for scenic work; just not with women.

On July 16, 1897, P. Dodd Ackerman married Marguerite “Margaret” Meyer in Manhattan, New York. The couple celebrated the birth of one daughter in 1899, Emma “Emmie” Bella Ackerman. At the time, the small family was living in Brooklyn, New York. However, the marriage was not meant to last. Although, the couple was still listed as living together in 1915, their marriage was on the rocks. In 1915 their daughter also graduated and began a life of her own. I have to wonder if the first Mrs. Ackerman lived the “if I can just hold on until my daughter graduates” mindset.

In 1916 Margaret M. Ackerman filed for a legal separation, asking for a $100 per week alimony. In the legal suit, Mrs. Ackerman submitted letters between her husband and daughter’s young friend May Smith. At the time, Philip Dodd Ackerman was 41 years old. Mrs. Ackerman filed proof of correspondence between his husband and Miss May/Mae Smith. Some newspapers announced, “Mrs. Philip Dodd Ackerman Charges Husband is overly friendly with Mae Smith, submits letters to girl” (Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 16 March 1916, page 2). The “Brooklyn Daily Eagle” article elaborated, “Mrs. Ackerman’s complaint is that her husband is over-friendly with a girl named Mae Smith, who is so young that she was introduced into the family originally as a companion to Miss Emmie Bell Ackerman, who is still in school. Ackerman and Miss Smith, the wife charges, live in the same house in Rockville Centre, L. I., and that Ackerman has made efforts to adopt her as his daughter. Ackerman, according to the charge, pays Miss Smith’s expenses. Ackerman and Miss Smith both deny the wife’s intimations, and Miss Smith says she is a stenographer, thoroughly capable of earning her own living and does not need Ackerman’s support, nor does she get it. The wife introduced in her affidavit for alimony some letters which she said her husband wrote to Miss Smith and which indicate a friendship which Ackerman was unable to break off, because of his fondness for the girl.” How horrifying for all, especially when your personal life makes headlines.

“The Standard Union” reported “Ackerman denies flatly any familiarity with May Smith. Who, he says, was brought into his home at Rockville Centre by his wife. The couple were married in 1897 and have one child, Emmie Bell Ackerman. The girl attended Packer Collegiate Institute up to the early part of the year, but Ackerman refused to pay her tuition longer, because, he said, her mother was continually keeping her home. Ackerman’s scenic studio is at 1576-80 Bushwick avenues, and he does work for the Schuberts. The couple lived at 499 Washington avenue, Brooklyn, also” (March 16, 1916, page 5).

The “Buffalo Times” published some of the letters allegedly written by Ackerman to Smith (24 March 1916, page 2). One, dated May 21^st, 1915, read, “My Dear Little Girl: I hate to recall the sad-eyed look you gave me last night when we parted – I hope and pray only temporarily – but I want you to feel just as I told you, dear. I do not want to place you in a position wherein your mother is not aggregable to you; and yet, dear, I cannot give you up. I cannot do this. I love you so dearly. Forgive me writing you, dear. I cannot resist it. And possibly you want to forget me too, and yet I will do these things to you to ever remind you of me. Some sad, old day today. I am glad I have many things to think of, and I am sorry you have not too many things to do that would relieve your mind. With all the love in the world to you dear. Your sweetheart, PHILIP.”

In the same article Mrs. Ackerman asserted her that husband also wrote, “My Dear May: You little rascal. Here I have been in the studio all day and you did not call me up. Did you forget me, dear? It is nearly 6 and I am pounding away at a sketch. I would love to be with you, dear, but if I stick at this and finish it can be longer with you tomorrow.” Mrs. Ackerman further accused her husband of lavishing Miss Smith with vanity purses, hats and plumes. She also reported that Mrs. Ackerman believed her husband had introduced Miss Smith as his secretary, his cousin, his niece and even once as Mrs. Ackerman. She also added that he “got his mother to take out adoption papers for Miss Smith, so that the girl may pass as his daughter.” What a tale to tell the newspapers; it certainly brought the entire family into the public eye.  In response to his wife’s accusations, Ackerman denied his wife’s charges and said that Miss Smith visited their home as Mrs. Ackerman’s friend. The newspaper article reported, “He admitted calling Miss Smith ‘my dear’ facetiously and only in his wife’s presence.”

Although Ackerman denied familiarity with the girl, two years later he listed Mrs. May Ackerman as his wife on his WWI draft registration card. The couple was residing at 140 West 39^th St. At the time, his occupation was listed as a theatrical scenery manufacturer, running P. Dodd Ackerman Studios Inc., also at 140 West 39^th, NY, NY. Ackerman’s physical appearance was described as medium height and medium build with light blue eyes and blond hair.

This had to have been an extremely awkward time for the Ackermans. As drama encircled the couple, their daughter was forging ahead in life, finding love and a marriage all her own.

In the midst of scandal, their daughter married Howard Turner in 1917.  She is listed as Emma B., Emmie, Emily and Bell. in various historical records. Her wedding announcement in “Brooklyn Life” announced, “Miss Bell Ackerman’s marriage to Mr. Howard Turner has just been announced. The wedding took place in Jersey City on the thirteenth of last month. The bride is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Philip Dodd Ackerman, formerly of Rockville Centre, and a Packer girl of the class of 1915. Mr. and Mrs. Turner will reside at 275 Ocean Avenue” (Brooklyn Life, Oct. 17, 1917, Vol. LVI, No. 1441, page 15). She later remarried and was listed as Mrs. Fred Barrett at the time of her father’s passing.

To be continued…

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

Philip Dodd Ackerman (1875-1963) was an actor, scenic artist, designer and producer. He became an extremely well-known and well-respected Broadway designer, and has numerous entries in the Broadway Database (https://www.ibdb.com/). Ackerman is credited with ninety-one productions from 1897-1939, but this is just a small percentage of his work throughout the duration of his career.

In 1929, the “Daily News” announced, “P. Dodd Ackerman who has created the settings for 800 productions intends to become a full-fledged producer. He is reported to have been the nameless angel of more than one show, but now he comes out in the open and announces that he will stage “Montana Fury” by David Davidson, jr. It is all about an idiot hill-billy, and the role will fall to Barry McCollum. Ackerman’s 800 scenic production is A. H. Wood’s German play, ‘Hokus Pokus.’ His first play was Harrison Gray Fisk’s “The Privateer” (NY, 28 Jul 1929 page 162).

Philip Ackerman is quite an interesting character, and possibly one of the more fascinating personalities that I have encountered to date. The 1880 US Federal census listed the Ackerman family living in Mobile, Alabama. At the time, Joseph Ackerman (b. 1848) was a salesman. His wife Frances and two young sons, Philip and Earle, were living with him. Joseph came from a relatively large family, one of eight children born to Joseph Chandler Ackerman (1812-1867) and Sophia Belinda Vanburen (1821-1892). Joseph Ackerman was born in Mobile, Alabama, in 1848. At the age of twenty-six, he married Frances T. Dibble in 1874. Philip was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on June 16, 1875, Phillip was the son of Joseph Van Buren Ackerman (1848-1882) and Frances T. Dibble (1842-1916). Two years later, his brother Earle Van Buren Ackerman arrived was born in Pensacola, Florida, on July 29, 1877. E A. Akerman (1877-1970) also became a scenic artist. There is no indication of how, or why, the world of theater beckoned both sons, luring each to New York. However, when they entered the scenic art profession opportunities were abundant and financial prospects high.

Ackerman became a scenic artist when he was about twenty years old. Typically, scenic artists began their careers at the ages of sixteen or seventeen. Later advertisements suggested that his studio was founded in 1890, but the 1892 New York Census listed Ackerman’s trade as a “gilder”; he was seventeen at the time  It is possible that he took an interest in painting and art in 1890, but wouldn’t enter the theatre for another five or six years. Ackerman repeatedly cited that his first stage show was “The Privateer” Harrison Gray Fiske. Lew Morrison purchased Fiske’s melodrama in 1895 with the intent to produce it the following season (The Richmond Item, 18 Feb 1895, page 3). By 1897, Fiske took Morrison and Abram to court for violation of their contract with “The Privateer,” citing that they failed to provide “adequate scenery and a competent company” (Democrat and Chronicle, Rochester, NY, 22 Aug. 1897, page 15). Fiske asked for a temporary injunction for Morrison and Abram to have the opportunity to live up to their contract. Therefore, Ackerman either delivered scenery for the failed attempt in 1896 or the revised production in 1897.

Regardless, 1897 was a turning point for Ackerman. He married Marguerite “Margaret” Meyer in Manhattan, New York on July 16, 1897.  At twenty-two years old he was rapidly making a name for himself, and soon became associated with the Empire and Novelty Theatres. The couple celebrated the birth of one daughter by 1899, Emma Bella Ackerman. At the time, the small family was living in Brooklyn, New York.

In 1898 Ackerman painted special scenery for the James-Kidder-Warde Company’s productions of “The School for Scandal.” When the three-star combination toured Lexington, “The Morning Herald” reported, “Special scenery from the brush of Mr. P. Dodd Ackerman, scenic artist for the Empire Theatre, New York, has prepared for all of the plays” (Lexington, 29 Oct. 1898). That year Ackerman also painted scenery for the “A Fair Rebel” at the Novelty Theatre. The “All the scenery necessary for the production has been under the direction of P. Dodd Ackerman” (The Brooklyn Citizen, 4 Dec. 1898, page 10).

By 1899, “The Gazette” described Dodd’s scenic contribution to Howard Hall’s “A Soldier of the Empire” (Montreal, 21 Sept. 1899, page 5). The review reported, “The costuming is of the Directoire fashion, while the elaborate scenic investiture is perfection of the artist’s skill. The latter is by P. Dodd Ackerman whose work for the Frohman productions, particularly “Under the Red Robe,” called for so much praise in the past.

At the turn of the century, newspapers refereed to the scenic artist as “that international famous artist, P. Dodd Ackerman” during his work for “The Honest Blacksmith” (Courier-News, Bridgeport, NJ, 8 Nov. 1900, page 2). During this same time, he was also responsible designing scenery for the revival of “M’liss,” a comedy drama of western life, produced by A. J. Spencer of Jacob Litt’s office (Democrat and Chronicle, 13 May 1900, page 14). Ackerman was quickly becoming a rising star in the scenic art world.

The 1900 US Federal Census listed Ackerman as an artist and living at 878 Driggs Avenue I Brooklyn, NY. That year, he briefly partnered with Homer F. Emens to deliver scenery for the production of “Aria” at the Columbia Theatre (Evening Star, Washington, D.C., 17 March 1900, page 20). Reviews noted, “’Aria’ is to be very big scenically, and the picturesque settings by Homer Emens and P. Dodd Ackerman.” The partnership continued into 1901 with the pair designing and painting scenery for “The Power Behind the Throne” (Brattleboro Reformer, 17 Sept. 1901, page 1).

By the fall of 1901, Ackerman was again working solo with assistants. The “Brooklyn Citizen” noted that Ackerman and his “assistants” were the scenic artists for the Orpheum theatre, and delivering scenery for all the upcoming shows at the Gotham Theatre, formerly the Brooklyn Music Hall, after its renovation (15 Sept. 1901, page 10). They were responsible for new scenery. He also designed scenery for the Elite Stock Company’s production  “All the Comforts of Home” (The Brooklyn Citizen, 10 Nov. 1901, page 10), as well as scenery for “Russian Serfs,” a melodrama dealing with the Crimean War (The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 29 Dec, 1901, page 16).

In 1902, business was going so well, that Ackerman bought a house on Warwick Street in Brooklyn from Catherine Rose (Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 18, Jan 1902, page 16). “The Buffalo Review” reported “Four complete sets” for “The Lily and the Prince” were being painted by Homer Emens, P. Dodd Ackerman, L. W. Seavey and Church & Wheeler (17 Feb 1902, page 5).

It was in 1902 that Ackerman formed a partnership with Lemuel L. Graham, Thomas G. Moses’ former business partner. Purchasing a studio on Bushwick Avenue in Brooklyn, New York. The property was described as “s w s, 100 n w n e 56.3; John C. Schenck to Philip D. Ackerman and Lemuel L. Graham” (The Standard Union, 13 Aug. 1902, page 10).  By July 1903, ownership of the property was transferred from Graham to Ackerman (The Standard Union, 22 Jul 1903, page 10), effectively forming the P. Dodd Ackerman Studio. The same property would be transferred to Louis Jacobs by 1904 (Time Union, 4 May 1904, page 13), yet Ackerman’s business address would remain the same.

1903 productions with scenery by Ackerman included “Mayor and The Judge” – with the Scranton “Tribune” reporting the show was “painted by the celebrated artist P. Dodd Ackerman of New York City” (The Tribune, Scranton, 9 Dec. 1902, page 6). Ackerman was also credited with the Gotham Theatre production “Pearl of Savoy” (Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 20 April 1902, page 52), the Elite Theatre Company’s “The Unknown” (16 March 1902, page 24); “Tracy the Outlaw” (Brooklyn Citizen, 5 Oct. 1902, page 16); “Beacon Lights” (Times Union, 8 March 1902, page 17); “A Rough Rider’s Romance” (Brooklyn Citizen, 22 Feb 1903, page 16)’ “Deserted at the Altar” (Times Union, Brooklyn, 14 Nov. 1903, page 13); and “The Lost Paradise (The Standard Union, Brooklyn, 18 Jan. 1903, page 15). When “Deserted at the Altar” appeared at the Novelty Theatre, newspapers reported, “P. Dodd Ackerman, the celebrated scenic artis, worked three solid months on scenery for the ‘Deserted at the Altar’” The Fall River Daily Herald, 28 Nov. 1903, page 2).

That same year P. Dodd Ackerman was listed as the scenic artist for both the Gotham and Orpheum Theatres in Brooklyn, NY (The Brooklyn Citizen, 22 Feb. 1903). He advertised in “Julius Cahn’s Official Theatrical Guide” under “P. Dodd Ackerman, Scenic Artist” adding, “now occupying my large Studio building devoted exclusively to this business.” Ackerman’s business address was still listed as 1576 to 1580 Bushwick Ave. He advertised, “Productions carefully prepared and models designed from Author’s descriptions,” offering “estimates gladly furnished for both Painting and Constructing scenery, properties, electrical apparatus, etc.” Ackerman expanded his firm the next year, changing the name to “P. Dodd Ackerman & Co.” The company was advertised as “Scenic Artists and Constructors.”

1904, the scenery for Burlington’s New Theatre was credited by P. Dodd Ackerman & Co., of Brooklyn, NY (Burlington Clipper, 15 October 1904, page 5). By 1905 the firm’s services included “Electrical scenic productions for parks, etc. scenery for theatres, halls and exhibitions, act drops and asbestos curtains, fireproof scenery and storage.”

In 1905, Ackerman transferred the Warwick St. home to his wife, Margaret M. Ackerman (Times Union, 6 May 1905, page 9). This is likely the year that marriage troubles accelerated for the young couple. Yet their marriage seemed to struggle along for another decade. That same year, P. Dodd Ackerman’s studio and the studio of Gates and Morange delivered scenery for “The Lightning Conductor” (Courier-News, Bridgewater, 18 Dec. 1905, page 4). In 1906, the “Greensboro Dispatch” reported P. Dodd Ackerman was part of a team dispatched to Alaska’s Klondyke country to gather images of atmosphere and scenes for “The One Woman” (17 Oct, 1906, page 8) – “The hunters after atmosphere and scenes spent three weeks wandering about the Alaska goldfields and returned to New York City with enough stuff for half a dozen shows…The three scenes in Alaska are actual sketches from life and will be recognized by many who have visited the Klondyke. The electrical effects, which include the play of the aurora borealis on the sky, and its reflection on the snow-capped mountains, the lurid gleams of red and blue lights on glaciers and the snow drifts, the curtain of light, the Alaskan cloud effect, the sun shining at midnight, and the prayer fires of the Esquimaux, or ‘witch lights,’ as the miners call them – with the usual stage lights make an unusual equipment.” The stage electrician that went on the trip was Charles Hayman.”

On Aug. 24, 1907, the Brooklyn Daily Eagle listed P. Dodd Ackerman’s purchase of a new home from Edwin G. Wright in Nassau County, in Riverside Park, Rockville Centre (page 20). By 1910 Ackerman moved to Hempstead, New York. He seems to have been living with his wife and daughter again; daughter Emma was eight years old at the time.

By 1911, the studios of Ackerman and John H. Young delivered scenery for Paul Wilstach’s dramatic version of “Thais” (The Gazette, York, Penn, 14 Feb 1911, page 9). John H. Young was also a close friend and colleague of Moses whom I have covered extensively in past posts. By his point in his career, Young was also a well-known and well-respected Broadway Designer.

In 1912 the “Washington Herald” reported Ackerman’s involvement with “The Chimes of Normandy.” The article reported, “Edward Temple, formerly stage director of the new York Hippodrome, had staged the production, while Reisig, late of the Metropolitan Opera and P. Dodd Ackerman have built the succession of cyclorama scenes, and the armor and costumes have been imported from France especially for this production (20 Oct 1912, page 22). “The scenes have been built on a cyclorama plan” (Burlington Free Press, 22 Sept. 1913, page 6).

Then there was a decided shift; a shift in his life, his marriage and his career. It is not that he began failing in his career, but his love life became quite complicated.

By 1914, Ackerman partnered with his brother E. A. Ackerman, establishing Ackerman Brothers Scenic Studio. Previously, brother Earle was also running his own studio, renting the old Harley Merry space in Flatbush until it burned to the ground in 1911. The 1914 “Gus Hill’s Theatrical Directory,” included an advertisement for Ackerman Bros. The ad stated, “scenery painted and constructed,” also offering “motion picture settings.” Their studio was listed on Bushwick Ave.

This is about the time when everything changes for Ackerman and his first wife; their marriage appears to start falling apart, with their separation making the newspapers by 1916. That will be a separate post tomorrow.

To be continued…

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

The scenic art world was small in 1920. Then, just as now, personalities circled around one another as if dancers at a ball, occasionally changing partners along the way. Today’s post is about P. Dodd Ackerman, a friend and colleague of Thomas G. Moses who made the papers in 1920. The next few posts will explore the life and career of P. D. Ackerman and his brother E. A. Ackerman.

On Feb. 29, 1920, Ackerman was featured in a “New York Tribune” the newspaper article. The headline for the article announced, “Work of the Scenic Artist Has Advanced Materially Says P. Dodd Ackerman” (New York Tribune, 29 Feb 1920, page 34). The most interesting section of the article for me was the section: “Theatrical managers are now accepting designs from men who do not make the scenery. Ackerman does not believe in this and has come to be one of the pioneers in coming out against the practice. He believes that the man who is the artist, who is practical, who understands stagecraft and has education can do the type of work now required in the theater, although he has been a member of the old school of stage design.” Times were changing and the scenic world was turning upside down with the appearance of designers without a full understanding of stagecraft.”Here is the article in its entirety, as it provides an interesting perspective of the scenic art world in 1920, viewed from a member of the “old school”:

“J. E. Dodson, the English character actor in the late Charles Frohman’s companies, liked stage interiors to match the socks he wore. When P. Dodd Ackerman and Ed Unitt, the scenic artists with the producer, were at work on scenery for a new play he would come up, show them his socks and say:‘Boys, be sure to get the right shade for these.’“Now Ackerman has a very different problem. He is trying to design a room which will be the setting for the three acts of Max Marcin’s new play, ‘Three Live Ghosts.” It must not be ornate, it must not be highly furnished and yet it must hold the interest of the audience throughout the play.‘Sounds very simple, doesn’t it?’ he asked in the office of his studio opposite of the Metropolitan Opera House. ‘Yet I have been going about for ten days trying to dream of just the right room.’In these two instances there is summed up the advance in scenic art, an advance which has come in the last six or eight years, starting in Europe. When Dodson was acting and even years after his retirement, stage decorations were supposed to be reproductions of nature or of a locality or room. They were copied line for line, and the element of imagination, although present, did not enter into the designing of the scenery. Simplicity and suggestion are the keynotes of modern stage designing. Imagination is called upon, both the imagination of the artist and the imagination of the audience, and much is only hinted at, sometimes very faintly. Big, blank wall spaces are being used and are believed to be more decorative than the highly ornate hangings of a few years ago.Scene painters until four or five years ago, designed, created and made the scenery themselves Theatrical managers are now accepting designs from men who do not make the scenery. Ackerman does not believe in this and has come to be one of the pioneers in coming out against the practice. He believes that the man who is the artist, who is practical, who understands stagecraft and has education can do the type of work now required in the theater, although he has been a member of the old school of stage design.‘Many studios have allowed managers to hand them so-called designs and have made them possible through their efforts,’ he said. ‘The man who did only the very primitive part of the work got all the credit and the studios were never heard of. But it meant an income to them and they were satisfied. I have consistently refused work with any except of my own designs, and I have had a hard battle to convince managers that a man with an established reputation in the old school can change the order of things and do the new. How many theatergoers who laugh at the situations and admire the acting give even a moment’s consideration to the thought, the time and the expense of the stage decorations which often help make or ruins a production? It is doubtful of the ratio is more than one in ten.Briefly Mr. Ackerman, who has designed and built scenery for many Winter Garden productions, for ‘The Magic Melody’ and ‘The Passions Flower,’ now current on Broadway; for ‘Le Coq d’Or,’ at the Metropolitan and many other plays, described the steps leading from the manuscript to the completion of the scenery and its erection of the stage.The manuscript is turned over to the scenic artist, and frequently the playwright confers with him and suggests what he desires to bring out in various scenes. After reading the manuscript and noting the locale or setting, the artist designs the scenes in colored studies. These are submitted to a manager and at a conference at which the author, the stage director and the artist are present, they are discussed and either accepted or rejected.‘Sometimes it is necessary to make a great many studies before one is accepted. It is just like writing a play or a story. You might hit it at the first attempt, or you might have to wrote and rewrite until you are successful,’Models, drawn to scale and planned as carefully as houses, are made from the sketches and are also submitted. When they are passed, working drawings for the builders are made, and they are charged with determining the mechanical details of the work. For example, every piece of scenery must be no more than five feet ten inches in width in order to make railway transportation of the sets possible. The scenes are usually all fitted up before the painters start on them, and when completed are set up in the theater by the mechanic who built them from the plans, usually not until the day of the dress rehearsal.‘Lighting is a very important element,’ Mr. Ackerman said, ‘and I stipulate in every contract that I make that it must be under my supervision. I know the play, and working with the stage director it is possible to bring out the desired effects. Stage lighting, I find, is largely a matter of patience and experiment. In costume plays, it is necessary to have the actors on the stage during the experiments to see the effect of the lights on their costumes.The average time necessary to design and build the scenery for a play is from six to eight weeks, but seldom is enough time given.‘It is necessary then to think quickly and have a great source of knowledge at the tips of one’s fingers,’ Mr. Ackerman continued.To prepare for his work, Mr. Ackerman studied at the Art Students League, at Cooper Union, and Beaux Arts in Paris. He has also traveled and read extensively. Ed Unitt and he were the artists for the late Charles Frohman, and this, he says, was the best job he ever had.Through the lofty-ceilinged studio he led the way. Huge canvases, many colored, were stretched out on frames, waiting for the artist’s brush. Yet no scaffolds or ladders were visible. Simply by pulling a rope, which adjusts a system of weights, it is possible for one man to place the gigantic easel in any position he desires.‘Scenery,’ he concluded, ‘must be a background. When it gets beyond a background, then it is stage scenery. It should never intrude so much that the audience overlooks the play, the costumes or the people on the stage.”

To place Ackerman within the context of the Thomas G. Moses story, both Moses and Ackerman partnered with the same artist – L. L. Graham. In 1882, Thomas G. Moses left the Sosman & Landis Studio for the first time. He partnered with Lemuel L. Graham for just over a year. Graham later partnered with P. Dodd Ackerman in Brooklyn, New York. Their studio building was at 1576 to 1580 Bushwick Ave, New York. They purchased the Brooklyn lot in August 1902. By this time, Moses was also working in New York and had partnered with William F. Hamilton, forming Hamilton & Moses.I will continue to explore the life and career of Ackerman in tomorrow’s post.To be continued…

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

Sosman & Landis provided scenery for the show “Polly and Her Pals” in 1920. On Nov. 22, 1920, the “The Item” reported:

“Polly and Her Pals.

“Musical comedy has improved wonderfully in the past few years, but ‘Polly and Her Pals,’ the George M. Gatts production is the biggest step forward from an artistic musical standpoint, that musical comedy has seen in many months. The book was written by John P. Mulgrew, the author of many celebrated Broadway successes. The scenery is the work of Sosman & Landis, Gowns by Madames Hickson and Orange. It was staged by Virgil Bennett. Musical comedy depends on first a good book and then a good score, and in Hampton Durand, George M. Gatts secured a composer internationally famous. In ‘Polly and Her Pals’ will be found lilting airs from the pen of Mr. Harry Hume, and include ‘Underneath a Southern Moon,’ ‘In that Quaint Old Town of Algiers,’ ‘Little Miss Chatterbox,’ ‘A Wonder What Father saw at the Seashore,’ ‘Different Eyes,’ ‘That Typical Topical Tune,’ ‘The Polar Bear Shiver,’ ‘An Old Fashioned Bride,’ and ‘What a Wonderful Girl You Are.’” (Sumter, South Carolina, 22 Nov. 1920, page 6).

Like Gatts’ “Katzenjammer Kids” production, “Polly and Her Pals” was based on an American comic strip by cartoonish Cliff Sterett. Debuting as “Positive Polly” on Dec. 4, 1912, the comic strip’s title was changed to “Polly and Her Pals” by Jan. 17, 1913. “Polly and Her Pals” was the first single feature with the same characters to run six days a week and as a Sunday page (Hamilton Evening Journal, 21 Nov. 1925, page 24). The cartoon told the adventures of Polly, Delicia, Aunt Maggie, Ashur, Ma, Pa, the valet Neewah and the family Puss. Raleigh’s “News and Observer” reported, “The plot of Polly and Her Pals is the same that has been featured in the conventional musical comedy since the invention of that form of entertainment. The first act drags, as the first act of most such comedies do, but toward the finish a lot of pep is injected into the proceedings that leaves one with the impression that ‘Polly and Her Pals’ isn’t halfway bad. While it can’t be said that Polly and Her Pals ranks with the best attractions of musical comedy of the season, there is no doubt about the fact that the motto of the cast is ‘We strive to please,’ and that is at least something in favor of the production” (9 Nov. 1920, page 7).

Jean Irwin played the title role of Polly, with Clyde T. Kerr as the love interest, Francis Lieb, the ambassador from Hitchy Koo. Johnny Philliber and Clara Coleman played Pa and Ma Perkins.

To be continued…

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

After a two-week break, I am back to the life and times of Thomas G. Moses. To recap, in 1918 Moses resigned as the president of Sosman & Landis. He initially worked for New York Studios and then left to join Chicago Studios. However, both were short lived, as by the spring of 1920, Moses was back at Sosman & Landis. We he returned to the studio, Moses agreed to only an annual contract. The same spring that Moses returned, Sosman & Landis Scene Painting Studio was credited with scenery for the Redpath Chautauqua’s production of “H. M. S. Pinafore.”

Annual Chautauqua events, or tent shows, were held in cities across the country during the spring and summer, featuring programs with all types of entertainment that ranged from popular Broadway shows and orchestra concerts to magicians and lecturers. During its peak, some 12,000 communities hosted a Chautauqua. The Redpath Chautauqua was massive circuit with hundreds of shows and thousands of entertainers. Although there were many Chautauqua agencies that contracted entertainers and lecturers, one of the most notable was the Redpath agency.

The “Newberry Weekly” included a picture of the 1920 Redpath Chautauqua production with the caption, “A feature of the coming Redpath Chautauqua here will be the presentation of a complete production of the famous Gilbert and Sullivan light opera ‘Pinafore,’ with special lighting and scenic effects, the scenery having been built especially for the Redpath production by Sosman & Landis, noted scenic artists of Chicago” (Newberry, South Carolina, May 4, 1920, page 3).

The “Bedford Daily” reported, “Three seasons ago the Redpath management presented a complete production of ‘The Mikado; which was so enthusiastically received that Chautauqua patrons have ever since been asking for another Gilbert and Sullivan opera”(5 June 1920, page 2). “The Mikado” production had also boasted scenery by Sosman & Landis. In 1917, a company of thirty, selected in part from the Chicago Grand Opera Company, had performed “The Mikado.” For more information about the Redpath Chautauqua Circuit and “The Mikado” tour, see past post 967 (https://drypigment.net2020/04/21/tales-from-a-scenic-artist-and-scholar-part-967-the-redpath-chautauquas-mikado-1917/).

By 1920, Sosman & Landis contracts ran the gamut, from tent shows to charity balls. Although Moses returned in April, he and his wife left for a 40-day western vacation that summer. Of his trip, he wrote, “We left for the West August 19^th…Arrived home on September 28^th, having been gone forty days, it was certainly some trip… It took me a few days before I was I the harness again, and working just the same as I did before I left two years ago.  Landis and I got out after business within a few days after my arrival and succeeded in landing a few good ones.  I started to do some painting but it did not last long, as I had too much other business to do.  I found the conditions altogether different from what I supposed them to be – too much overhead.  It will be awfully hard to keep up the output to balance it all I was very well pleased to learn that from September 1^st, we made a profit of $12,000.00 before January 1^st.  I am afraid we will use it all up before spring.”

He would remain on annual contract. In 1921 wrote, “we had a director’s meeting and it was settled that I remain at $8,000.00 a year.”   The monetary equivalent of an $8,000 annual salary in 1920 is approximately $103,000.00 today.

To be continued…

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

From August 9 to 24 I painted a grand teaser (border) and two grand tormentors (legs) at the University of Minnesota in Duluth for the Sanderson Arts Centre in Brantford, Ontario, Canada. The three pieces form a portal, reducing the proscenium opening from 50 feet wide to 25 feet wide for more intimate performances, with trim heights ranging from 14 feet to 18 feet. Although the design was finalized and all materials ordered in June, the project became delayed when the paint space became unavailable due to COVID-related concerns. At the beginning of August, the space was again available for my original timeframe, now only a week away. Everything shifted into high gear as I planned for an Aug. 9 start. The rental was only possible if I worked there completely solo and constantly wore a mask; so, the unloading of supplies, setting up the space, unfolding drops, snapping lines, and handling bending sticks was just me. Keep in mind that the sizes of the scenic pieces were 54’w x 12’h (teaser) and the two torms at 19’w x 20’h 9 (legs); still doable by a single person, but just unpleasant.

I left Minneapolis on Sunday, August 9 at 6:15AM in the morning. By 9AM I was unloading all of my supplies into the humid shop and jumped into the project. The days were a blur of 12-hr. to 14-hr. days. I finished the teaser on August 19 and the two torms on August 21. August 22 was a day for tweaking, with my final day in the space reserved for clean-up. The drops shipped on Monday, August 24. I returned to Minneapolis last night after my fifteen-day absence. In regard to the logistics of the project, the border was painted on the main stage floor and the legs on the motorized paint frame. Being able to paint all three pieces simultaneously was the plan, as I could shift from one piece to another, allowing for ample dry time. It also meant that I was able to shift position constantly, something that is incredibly helpful when physically doing a long stretch.

I can’t wait to see how to pieces look in place as this is a permanent installation. More later.

For the next two weeks, I am taking a break from my blog to complete an out-of-town painting project. I will return to posting on Aug. 24, 2020.

This spring I designed a permanent portal for the Sanderson Centre for the Performing Arts in Brantford, Ontario, Canada.  The next two weeks will be spent painting the three pieces. Based on historical samples and color palettes, the drops are quite large, and intended to reduce the 50’ proscenium opening for more intimate performances. The top piece (Grand Border) measures 12’h x 54’w and will be painted down. The side pieces (Grand Tormentors), 20’h x 18’w, will be painted up, on a vertical frame. I will post the process photos upon completion. 

Copyright © 2020 by Wendy Waszut-Barrett

In 1920 Thomas G. Moses wrote, “Walter Moses went to Colorado Springs in June to sketch and invited the Madam and I to call on him, which we will do…We left for the West August 19^th.  As I have written the trip up very fully in my travelogues, I will not repeat it here.  Arrived home on September 28^th, having been gone forty days, it was certainly some trip.”

Walter Farrington Moses (1874-1947) was his half-brother, and a well-known American Landscape painter.

The Wikipedia entry for Walter notes the following: “After studying at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, he founded the Art Craft Club of Chicago in 1916 and was art director of Vogue Studios. He was an instructor at the Fashion School of Illustrating in Chicago. He was the author-illustrator of Artistic Anatomy and managing director of the California Art Club in 1922. A prolific plein air painter, his works are infused with light and air and captured the unspoiled beauty of Southern California of the 1920s and 1930s. He settled in Los Angeles in 1922 and founded the Art Guild Academy in 1930 where he taught for many years. He lived in Eagle Rock, California until his death on October 25, 1947. Moses signed his paintings using various variations of his name, including Walter Farrington Moses, Walter Farrington, W. Farrington, Farrington, Moses, Farrington Moses, W.F. Moses and Walton. Here is a link to some of his work previously sold at auction: https://www.invaluable.com/artist/moses-walter-farrington-kosq2fakok/sold-at-auction-prices/

Walter was the second of two sons born to Lucius Moses from his second marriage to Adeline G. Moses (sometimes spelled Adaline). She was eighteen years younger than Lucius, born on April 17, 1874.  Walter primarily grew up in Chicago after his parents left the small town of Sterling.  In Chicago, Lucius ran a grocery store. At the time Walter lived with his father, mother, brother Kirke, and much older half-sister, who was an actress.

On June 7, 1899, Walter married Florence S. Babcock in Kankakee, Illinois. The couple raised two children, Horace J. and Edith S.  The 1910 census listed Walter as a commercial artist, living in Kankakee.  His mother was living with them too at the age of 75.

There is so much information about Walter out there; really too much to fit in a single post. On Oct. 15, 1916 Moses placed an ad in the “Chicago Tribune.” The want ad noted, “ARTIST _ A firm in Toronto, Canada, operating a complete publishing plants, desires the services of a high grade designer – one who is capable of earning $75 a week; must have had experience in preparation of dummies for catalogues, folders, etc. For further particulars see MR. WALTER F. MOSES, Commercial Art School, 116 S. Michigan-av.” (Chicago Tribune 15 Oct 1916, page 64).

Walter’s WWI Draft Registration card listed his occupation as “Art Prop. School,” and his employer’s name as “Commercial Art School” at 116 S. Michigan Ave in Chicago. In 1918, his physical description noted that Walter was short, of medium build, with brown eyes and gray hair. Walter was 44 years old at the time. His residence was at 317 N. Humphrey St. in Oak Park, nine blocks away from his older brother.

By 1919, Walter Moses placed an ad in the “Chicago Tribune:”

ARTIST.

Figure man, capable of doing commercial illustrating: $5,000 per year guaranteed, with opportunity of making $6,000 or $7,000; out of town position, Apply to Walter F. Moses. Commercial Art School. 116 S. Michigan” (Chicago Tribune, 23 Jan. 1919, page 20).

The 1920 census still listed Walter living in Oak Park and working as a landscape artist. He and his older brother lived in the same area, and both were well-known for their painted landscapes.

At the beginning of 1921, Thomas G. Moses wrote, “Walter Moses called and we talked over our plans for the coming summer at Colorado Springs and Manito, where we expect to clean up a fortune on small pictures besides getting some sketches around Pike’s Peak.”

Later in 1921, Thomas G. Moses wrote, “December 13^th the Madam and I were on our way to Kansas City where we put in a day, then on our way to Los Angeles where we arrived early Saturday morning.  Spent the day with Walter Moses and family.”

After working in Tacoma in 1922, Thomas G. Moses wrote, “On completion of our work, we went to Oakland for a day’s visit with Walter and family, the we proceeded on our way to Los Angeles.”

In 1924, Moses wrote, “I went over to see Walter and family.  September 1^st we went out on a sketching trip and I certainly enjoyed it very much.. Had a delightful Christmas day at Walters.”

By 1929, the “Los Angeles Times” reported that Walter Moses was teaching “short cuts in business” for artists (27 Jan. 1929, page 64). The article announced, “Guild Academy Offers Students Practical Aid in Learning Profession. An Unusually interesting offer to students who wish to make commercia art their profession is offered by the Art Guild Academy. Under this offer young artists are given the privilege of testing their drawing ability without charge for the tuition. The test includes life and illustrative drawing and creative subjects in art fundamentals. After the test the students are frankly advised as to just what their possibilities for us success are in commercial art. This development in commercial art which is offered by the academy has been built and is personally directed under Walter F. Moses. The Art Guild Academia is aware that this is a commercial and industrial era and its entire curriculum is composed of subjects for which there is demand. It’s training leads directly to the most desirable branches of commercial art. The training of the academy appeals only to the student who wishes to enter the field professionally. The course offers a thorough study of the practical application of art in the commercial world. The aim of the school is to fit students for commercial artists without serving student apprenticeship. A feature of this course is that the lessons are all illustrated and printed for the convenience of students who wish to do additional work at home.”

In 1930, the Academy was still going strong. The “Los Angeles Times” reported, “Training of young men and women for good positions in the practical commercial art profession is the aim of the Art Guild Academy, 2405 West Sixth Street, according Walter F. Moses, founder and principal of the institution” (26 Jan. 1930, page 55). One of Moses’ more successful students was Herb Schmidt (Hi-Desert Star, Yucca Valley, California, 7 Jun 1978, page 20). He certainly made his mark in the fine art world.

Walter passed away on Oct. 25, 1947, thirteen years after his older brother Tom.

The “Los Angeles Times” published his obituary on Oct. 28, 1947:

Walter F. Moses

Funeral Rites for Walter Farrington Moses, 72, landscape artist, of 5215 Rockland Ave., will be conducted at 10:30 a.m. today in the Wee Kirk o’ the Heather Forest Lawn Memorial-Park. Mr. Moses died Saturday at Queen of Angels Hospital. He has been a resident of Los Angeles since 1927, coming here from Chicago where he founded the Commercial Art School. The artist established the Art Guild Academy here. The artist leaves his widow, a son Horace, daughter, Mrs. Edith M. Wills, and a brother.”

To be continued…